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Analytic combinatorics in several variables refers to a suite of tools that provide sharp asymptotic estimates for certain combinatorial quantities. In this paper, we apply these tools to determine the Gilbert--Varshamov lower bound on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Keshav Goyal , Duc Tu Dao , Mladen Kovačević , Han Mao Kiah

Statistical regularities in human language have fascinated researchers for decades, suggesting deep underlying principles governing its evolution and information structuring for efficient communication. While Zipf's Law describes the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-29 Alessandro Bellina , Vito D. P. Servedio

Syntax is a latent hierarchical structure which underpins the robust and compositional nature of human language. In this work, we explore the hypothesis that syntactic dependencies can be represented in language model attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jasper Jian , Siva Reddy

We describe our perspective on the Structural Glass Transition (SGT) problem built on the premise that a viable theory must provide a consistent picture of the dynamics and statics, which are manifested by large increase in shear viscosity…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-12-15 T. R. Kirkpatrick , D. Thirumalai

This paper analyses the degree to which dialect classifiers based on syntactic representations remain stable over space and time. While previous work has shown that the combination of grammar induction and geospatial text classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Jonathan Dunn , Sidney Wong

The correlation between local structure and the propensity for structural rearrangements has been widely investigated in glass forming liquids and glasses. In this paper we use the excess two-body entropy $S_2$ and tetrahedrality $\n_{tet}$…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-14 Saheli Mitra , Susana Marin-Aguilar , Srikanth Sastry , Frank Smallenburg , Giuseppe Foffi

Within the mode-coupling theory for idealized glass transitions, we study the evolution of structural relaxation in binary mixtures of hard spheres with size ratios $\delta$ of the two components varying between 0.5 and 1.0. We find two…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 W. Götze , Th. Voigtmann

Targeted syntactic evaluations of language models ask whether models show stable preferences for syntactically acceptable content over minimal-pair unacceptable inputs. Most targeted syntactic evaluation datasets ask models to make these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Koustuv Sinha , Jon Gauthier , Aaron Mueller , Kanishka Misra , Keren Fuentes , Roger Levy , Adina Williams

Probabilistic embeddings have several advantages over deterministic embeddings as they map each data point to a distribution, which better describes the uncertainty and complexity of data. Many works focus on adjusting the distribution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xiang Huang , Hao Peng , Li Sun , Hui Lin , Chunyang Liu , Jiang Cao , Philip S. Yu

We investigate the possibility of modelling the syntax and semantics of natural language by constraints, or rules, imposed by the multi-dimensional type theory Nabla. The only multiplicity we explicitly consider is two, namely one dimension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jørgen Villadsen

Syntactic language models (SLMs) enhance Transformers by incorporating syntactic biases through the modeling of linearized syntactic parse trees alongside surface sentences. This paper focuses on compositional SLMs that are based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yida Zhao , Hao Xve , Xiang Hu , Kewei Tu

We summarize a theoretical framework based on global time-reparametrization invariance that explains the origin of dynamic fluctuations in glassy systems. We introduce the main ideas without getting into much technical details. We describe…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Claudio Chamon , Leticia F. Cugliandolo

Language sciences rely less and less on formal syntax as their base. The reason is probably its lack of psychological reality, knowingly avoided. Philosophers of science call for a paradigm shift in which explanations are by mechanisms, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Anat Ninio

We investigate the asymptotic density of error-correcting codes with good distance properties and prescribed linearity degree, including sublinear and nonlinear codes. We focus on the general setting of finite translation-invariant metric…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Anina Gruica , Anna-Lena Horlemann , Alberto Ravagnani , Nadja Willenborg

We consider an infinite system of coupled stochastic differential equations (SDE) describing dynamics of the following infinite particle system. Each partricle is characterised by its position $x\in \mathbb{R}^{d}$ and internal parameter…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Georgy Chargaziya , Alexei Daletskii

Traditionally, semantic models of imperative languages use an auxiliary structure which mimics memory. In this way, ownership and other encapsulation properties need to be reconstructed from the graph structure of such global memory. We…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Paola Giannini , Marco Servetto , Elena Zucca

While language models demonstrate sophisticated syntactic capabilities, the extent to which their internal mechanisms align with cross-constructional principles studied in linguistics remains poorly understood. This study investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Ryoma Kumon , Hitomi Yanaka

A central question in psycholinguistics is the timing of syntax in sentence processing. Much of the existing evidence comes from violation paradigms, which conflate two separable processes - syntactic category detection and phrase structure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nan Wang , Jiaxuan Li

By characterizing the dynamics of idealized lattice models with a tunable kinetic constraint, we explore the different ways in which dynamical facilitation manifests itself within the local dynamics of glassy materials. Dynamical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-06-25 Yael S. Elmatad , Aaron S. Keys

Controlling the syntactic structure of text generated by language models is valuable for applications requiring clarity, stylistic consistency, or interpretability, yet it remains a challenging task. In this paper, we argue that sampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Vicky Xefteri , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell , Afra Amini