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These lectures demonstrate the development of a PID control framework for mechanical systems. Based on the observation that mechanical systems are essentially double integrator systems, we generalize the linear PID controller to mechanical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-17 D. H. S. Maithripala , T. W. U. Madhushani , J. M. Berg

This paper applies a recently developed geometric PID controller to stabilize a three-link planar bipedal hybrid dynamic walking model. The three links represent the robot torso and two kneeless legs, with an independent control torque…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-11-18 W. M. L. T. Weerakoon , T. W. U. Madhushani , D. H. S. Maithripala , J. M. Berg

A spherical robot consists of an externally spherical rigid body rolling on a two-dimensional surface, actuated by an auxiliary mechanism. For a class of actuation mechanisms, we derive a controller for the geometric center of the sphere to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-14 T. W. U. Madhushani , D. H. S. Maithripala , J. V. Wijayakulasooriya , J. M. Berg

This paper presents tracking control laws for two different objectives of a nonholonomic system - a spherical robot - using a geometric approach. The first control law addresses orientation tracking using a modified trace potential…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Sneha Gajbhiye , Ravi N. Banavar

Almost-global orientation trajectory tracking for a rigid body with external actuation has been well studied in the literature, and in the geometric setting as well. The tracking control law relies on the fact that a rigid body is a simple…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-27 Aradhana Nayak , Ravi N. Banavar

Mobile robotic manipulators (MRMs), which integrate mobility and manipulation capabilities, present significant control challenges due to their nonlinear dynamics, underactuation, and coupling between the base and manipulator subsystems.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Luis Luna , Isaac Chairez , Andrey Polyakov

Time delayed feedback control is one of the most successful methods to discover dynamically unstable features of a dynamical system in an experiment. This approach feeds back only terms that depend on the difference between the current…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-26 Jan Sieber

This article develops and proposes a geometric nonlinear proportional-integral-derivative (PID) type tracking control scheme on the Lie group of rigid body rotations, SO(3). Like PD-type attitude tracking control schemes that have been…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Hossein Eslamiat , Ningshan Wang , Amit K. Sanyal

The PID controller is an elegant and versatile controller for set point tracking in double integrator systems of which mechanical systems evolving on Euclidean space constitute a large class. But since mechanical systems are typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-16 Rama Seshan , Ravi N Banavar , D. H. S. Maithripala , Arun D. Mahindrakar

In this paper, disturbance reconstruction and robust trajectory tracking control of biped robots with hybrid dynamics in the port-Hamiltonian form is investigated. A new type of Hamiltonian function is introduced, which ensures the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Yousef Farid , Fabio Ruggiero

Modern applications of robotics typically involve a robot control system with an inner PI (proportional-integral) or PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control loop and an outer user-specified control loop. The existing outer loop…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Hanlei Wang , Wei Ren , Chien Chern Cheah , Yongchun Xie , Shangke Lyu

In this paper, modification of the classical PID controller and development of open-loop control mechanisms to improve stability and robustness of a differential wheeled robot are discussed. To deploy the algorithm, a test platform has been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Samet Oguten , Bilal Kabas

Since the classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller has continued to be the most widely used feedback methods in engineering systems by far, it is crucial to investigate the working mechanism of PID in dealing with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Baoyou Qu , Cheng Zhao

This paper proposes a pitch plane trajectory tacking control solution for suborbital launch vehicles relying on adaptive feedback linearization. Initially, the 2D dynamics and kinematics for a single-engine, thrust-vector-controlled…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Pedro dos Santos , Paulo Oliveira

The paper solves the problem of tracking control of a quadrotor with unmeasurable pitch and roll angles based on the geometric approach with the use of the enhanced extended observer and the internal model. The proposed approach makes it…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 O. I. Borisov , M. A. Kakanov , A. Iu. Zhivitckii , A. A. Pyrkin

With the introduction of the laterally bounded forces, the tilt-rotor gains more flexibility in the controller design. Typical feedback linearization methods utilize all the inputs in controlling this vehicle; the magnitudes as well as the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Zhe Shen , Yudong Ma , Takeshi Tsuchiya

Identifying and controlling an unstable, underactuated robot to enable reference tracking is a challenging control problem. In this paper, a ballbot (robot balancing on a ball) is used as an experimental setup to demonstrate and test…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Tobias Fischer , Dimitrios S. Karachalios , Ievgen Zhavzharov , Hossam S. Abbas

The linearization of the equations of motion of a robotics system about a given state-input trajectory, including a controlled equilibrium state, is a valuable tool for model-based planning, closed-loop control, gain tuning, and state…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Martijn Bos , Silvio Traversaro , Daniele Pucci , Alessandro Saccon

Impedance control is a well-established technique to control interaction forces in robotics. However, real implementations of impedance control with an inner loop may suffer from several limitations. Although common practice in designing…

Control systems of interest are often invariant under Lie groups of transformations. For such control systems, a geometric framework based on Lie symmetry is formulated, and from this a sufficient condition for dynamic feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Jeanne N. Clelland , Taylor J. Klotz , Peter J. Vassiliou
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