Related papers: Quantum common causes and quantum causal models
The common cause principle for two random variables $A$ and $B$ is examined in the case of causal insufficiency, when their common cause $C$ is known to exist, but only the joint probability of $A$ and $B$ is observed. As a result, $C$…
Quantum correlations arising in Bell experiments, involving a physical source that emits a quantum state to a number of observers, have been intensively studied over the last decades. Much less is known about the nature of quantum…
In this paper I demonstrate that the quantum correlations of polarization (or spin) observables used in Bell's argument against local realism have to be interpreted as {\it conditional} quantum correlations. By taking into account…
We extend Pearl's definition of causal influence to the quantum domain, where two quantum systems $A$, $B$ with finite-dimensional Hilbert space are embedded in a common environment $C$ and propagated with a joint unitary $U$. For finite…
From various points of view it is argued that one may find phenomena similar to the quantum effects also in macroscopic cases. This forces one to give up as a general requirement the assumption of realism as formulated by Gill and others.…
Bell's theorem is typically understood as the proof that quantum theory is incompatible with local-hidden-variable models. More generally, we can see the violation of a Bell inequality as witnessing the impossibility of explaining quantum…
Bell appealed to the theory of relativity in formulating his principle of local causality. But he maintained that quantum field theories do not conform to that principle, even when their field equations are relativistically covariant and…
Quantum theory provides a significant example of two intermingling hallmarks of science: the ability to consistently combine physical systems and study them compositely, and the power to extract predictions in the form of correlations. A…
On the basis of the general character and operation of the process of perception, a formalism is sought to mathematically describe the subjective or abstract/mental process of perception. It is shown that the formalism of orthodox quantum…
It is shown that quantum mechanics is, like thermodynamics, a phenomenological theory i.e., not a causal theory, ( not because it is a statistical theory - statistical theories with caused probability distributions can be regarded as…
Quantum causality is an emerging field of study which has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of quantum systems. In this paper, we put forth a theoretical framework for merging quantum information science and causal…
A causal relation between quantum agents, say Alice and Bob, is necessarily mediated by an interaction. Modelling the last one as a reversible quantum channel, an intervention of Alice can have causal influence on Bob's system, modifying…
We consider causal models with two observed variables and one latent variables, each variable being discrete, with the goal of characterizing the possible distributions on outcomes that can result from controlling one of the observed…
Quantum correlations can be stronger than anything achieved by classical systems, yet they are not reaching the limit imposed by relativity. The principle of information causality offers a possible explanation for why the world is quantum…
It is commonly assumed that every quantum system is represented by some algebra of operators. Doubt is cast on this assumption by what appears, at first glance, to be a reasonable candidate for a quantum system that is not naturally…
It was recently suggested that causal structures are both dynamical, because of general relativity, and indefinite, due to quantum theory. The process matrix formalism furnishes a framework for quantum mechanics on indefinite causal…
A classical fluid splitter produces the same patterns of energy redistribution as a Stern-Gerlach quantum device, with rotationally invariant coefficients of correlation between molecular paths. Alternative settings express a cosine squared…
Quantum theory is a probabilistic theory with fixed causal structure. General relativity is a deterministic theory but where the causal structure is dynamic. It is reasonable to expect that quantum gravity will be a probabilistic theory…
The classical and quantum evolution of a generic probability distribution is analyzed. To that end, a formalism based on the decomposition of the distribution in terms of its statistical moments is used, which makes explicit the differences…
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle implies fundamental constraints on what properties of a quantum system can we simultaneously learn. However, it typically assumes that we probe these properties via measurements at a single point in time.…