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There has been a recent critical need to study fairness and bias in machine learning (ML) algorithms. Since there is clearly no one-size-fits-all solution to fairness, ML methods should be developed alongside bias mitigation strategies that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lara Kassab , Erin George , Deanna Needell , Haowen Geng , Nika Jafar Nia , Aoxi Li

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used to learn low-dimensional representations of data. However, NMF pays the same attention to all attributes of a data point, which inevitably leads to inaccurate representation. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Jiao Wei , Can Tong , Bingxue Wu , Qiang He , Shouliang Qi , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

In this article, we study algorithms for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) in various applications involving streaming data. Utilizing the continual nature of the data, we develop a fast two-stage algorithm for highly efficient and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-22 Ran Gu , Qiang Du , Simon J. L. Billinge

As we all known, the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a dimension reduction method that has been widely used in image processing, text compressing and signal processing etc. In this paper, an algorithm for nonnegative matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-05-27 Shu-Zhen Lai , Hou-Biao Li , Zu-Tao Zhang

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a fundamental matrix decomposition technique that is used primarily for dimensionality reduction and is increasing in popularity in the biological domain. Although finding a unique NMF is generally…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Rami Nasser , Yonina C. Eldar , Roded Sharan

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used for clustering with strong interpretability. Among general NMF problems, symmetric NMF is a special one that plays an important role in graph clustering where each element measures the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Mengyuan Zhang , Kai Liu

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a popular method for representing meaningful data by extracting a non-negative basis feature from an observed non-negative data matrix. Some of the unique features of this method in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Sajad Fathi Hafshejani , Zahra Moaberfard

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) seeks a low-rank approximation $X \approx UV^T$ with nonnegative factors and is commonly solved using interior methods that enforce feasibility throughout optimization. We show that such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Qiujing Lu , Tonmoy Monsoor , Ehsan Ebrahimzadeh , Kartik Sharma , Vwani Roychowdhury

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been successfully applied in several data mining tasks. Recently, there is an increasing interest in the acceleration of NMF, due to its high cost on large matrices. On the other hand, the privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Yuqiu Qian , Conghui Tan , Danhao Ding , Hui Li , Nikos Mamoulis

Dimensionality reduction is considered as an important step for ensuring competitive performance in unsupervised learning such as anomaly detection. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular and widely used method to accomplish…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Imtiaz Ahmed , Xia Ben Hu , Mithun P. Acharya , Yu Ding

We propose a new variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), combining separability and sparsity assumptions. Separability requires that the columns of the first NMF factor are equal to columns of the input matrix, while sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nicolas Nadisic , Arnaud Vandaele , Jeremy E. Cohen , Nicolas Gillis

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a versatile and powerful tool for discovering latent structures in data matrices, with many variations proposed in the literature. Recently, Leplat et al.\@ (2019) introduced a minimum-volume NMF…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-26 Duc Toan Nguyen , Eric C. Chi

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), first proposed in 1994 for data analysis, has received successively much attention in a great variety of contexts such as data mining, text clustering, computer vision, bioinformatics, etc. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Paola Favati , Grazia Lotti , Ornella Menchi , Francesco Romani

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a non-negative matrix $X$ by a product of two non-negative low-rank factor matrices $W$ and $H$. NMF and its extensions minimize either the Kullback-Leibler divergence or the Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-17 Naiyang Guan , Dacheng Tao , Zhigang Luo , John Shawe-Taylor

Nonnegative matrix factorization is the following problem: given a nonnegative input matrix $V$ and a factorization rank $K$, compute two nonnegative matrices, $W$ with $K$ columns and $H$ with $K$ rows, such that $WH$ approximates $V$ as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Valentin Leplat , Yurii Nesterov , Nicolas Gillis , François Glineur

Low-rank matrix factorization (MF) is an important technique in data science. The key idea of MF is that there exists latent structures in the data, by uncovering which we could obtain a compressed representation of the data. By factorizing…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Yuan Lu , Jie Yang

The Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) of the rating matrix has shown to be an effective method to tackle the recommendation problem. In this paper we propose new methods based on the NMF of the rating matrix and we compare them with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Gianna M. Del Corso , Francesco Romani

The model described in this paper belongs to the family of non-negative matrix factorization methods designed for data representation and dimension reduction. In addition to preserving the data positivity property, it aims also to preserve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Rachid Hedjam , Abdelhamid Abdesselam , Abderrahmane Rahiche , Mohamed Cheriet

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular dimension reduction technique that produces interpretable decomposition of the data into parts. However, this decompostion is not generally identifiable (even up to permutation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 W. Pan , F. Doshi-Velez

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a widely applied technique in the fields of machine learning and data mining. Graph Regularized Non-negative Matrix Factorization (GNMF) is an extension of NMF that incorporates graph regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Zhen Wang , Wenwen Min