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Stochastic bilevel optimization (SBO) has been integrated into many machine learning paradigms recently, including hyperparameter optimization, meta learning, and reinforcement learning. Along with the wide range of applications, there have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xuelin Zhang , Hong Chen , Bin Gu , Tieliang Gong , Feng Zheng

In this paper we investigate the generalization error of gradient descent (GD) applied to an $\ell_2$-regularized OLS objective function in the linear model. Based on our analysis we develop new methodology for computationally tractable and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Thomas Stark , Lukas Steinberger

The classical convergence analysis of SGD is carried out under the assumption that the norm of the stochastic gradient is uniformly bounded. While this might hold for some loss functions, it is violated for cases where the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-12 Lam M. Nguyen , Phuong Ha Nguyen , Peter Richtárik , Katya Scheinberg , Martin Takáč , Marten van Dijk

Selecting appropriate regularization coefficients is critical to performance with respect to regularized empirical risk minimization problems. Existing theoretical approaches attempt to determine the coefficients in order for regularized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Akihiro Yabe , Takanori Maehara

Non-convex optimization problems are ubiquitous in machine learning, especially in Deep Learning. While such complex problems can often be successfully optimized in practice by using stochastic gradient descent (SGD), theoretical analysis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Harsh Vardhan , Sebastian U. Stich

We study finite-sum nonconvex optimization problems, where the objective function is an average of $n$ nonconvex functions. We propose a new stochastic gradient descent algorithm based on nested variance reduction. Compared with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Dongruo Zhou , Pan Xu , Quanquan Gu

Stochastic convex optimization is one of the most well-studied models for learning in modern machine learning. Nevertheless, a central fundamental question in this setup remained unresolved: "How many data points must be observed so that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Daniel Carmon , Roi Livni , Amir Yehudayoff

This paper investigates online algorithms for smooth time-varying optimization problems, focusing first on methods with constant step-size, momentum, and extrapolation-length. Assuming strong convexity, precise results for the tracking…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Liam Madden , Stephen Becker , Emiliano Dall'Anese

Stochastic variance-reduced gradient (SVRG) is a classical optimization method. Although it is theoretically proved to have better convergence performance than stochastic gradient descent (SGD), the generalization performance of SVRG…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-20 Hao Jin , Dachao Lin , Zhihua Zhang

We study diffusion and consensus based optimization of a sum of unknown convex objective functions over distributed networks. The only access to these functions is through stochastic gradient oracles, each of which is only available at a…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-09-01 N. Denizcan Vanli , Muhammed O. Sayin , Suleyman S. Kozat

We establish risk bounds for Regularized Empirical Risk Minimizers (RERM) when the loss is Lipschitz and convex and the regularization function is a norm. In a first part, we obtain these results in the i.i.d. setup under subgaussian…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-07 Geoffrey Chinot , Guillaume Lecué , Matthieu Lerasle

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

We derive upper bounds on the generalization error of a learning algorithm in terms of the mutual information between its input and output. The bounds provide an information-theoretic understanding of generalization in learning problems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Aolin Xu , Maxim Raginsky

We study model evaluation and model selection from the perspective of generalization ability (GA): the ability of a model to predict outcomes in new samples from the same population. We believe that GA is one way formally to address…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-19 Ning Xu , Jian Hong , Timothy C. G. Fisher

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) methods have become fundamental optimization tools in machine learning, combining the computational efficiency of stochastic gradients with the acceleration benefits of momentum. Despite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Zimeng Wang , Alp Yurtsever

Training deep belief networks (DBNs) requires optimizing a non-convex function with an extremely large number of parameters. Naturally, existing gradient descent (GD) based methods are prone to arbitrarily poor local minima. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-09 Prateek Jain , Vivek Kulkarni , Abhradeep Thakurta , Oliver Williams

A recent line of works, initiated by Russo and Xu, has shown that the generalization error of a learning algorithm can be upper bounded by information measures. In most of the relevant works, the convergence rate of the expected…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Xuetong Wu , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

Recently, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants have become the dominant methods in the large-scale optimization of machine learning (ML) problems. A variety of strategies have been proposed for tuning the step sizes, ranging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Xiaoyu Li

In batch learning, stability together with existence and uniqueness of the solution corresponds to well-posedness of Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) methods; recently, it was proved that CV_loo stability is necessary and sufficient for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Tomaso Poggio , Stephen Voinea , Lorenzo Rosasco

Despite being highly over-parametrized, and having the ability to fully interpolate the training data, deep networks are known to generalize well to unseen data. It is now understood that part of the reason for this is that the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Danil Akhtiamov , Babak Hassibi