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Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is a structured approach for optimizing tasks with multiple objectives. However, it often relies on pre-defined reward functions, which can be hard to design for balancing conflicting goals and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Ni Mu , Yao Luan , Qing-Shan Jia

Multi-objective alignment from human feedback (MOAHF) in large language models (LLMs) is a challenging problem as human preferences are complex, multifaceted, and often conflicting. Recent works on MOAHF considered a-priori multi-objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Subhojyoti Mukherjee , Anusha Lalitha , Sailik Sengupta , Aniket Deshmukh , Branislav Kveton

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is critical for enhancing LLMs' safety, helpfulness, humor, faithfulness, etc. Current reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) mainly focuses on a fixed reward learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qiang He , Yucheng Yang , Tianyi Zhou , Meng Fang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Setareh Maghsudi

Use case specifications have successfully been used for requirements description. They allow joining, in the same modeling space, the expectations of the stakeholders as well as the needs of the software engineer and analyst involved in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-04-04 Rui Couto , António Nestor Ribeiro , José Creissac Campos

Post-training of LLMs with RLHF, and subsequently preference optimization algorithms such as DPO, IPO, etc., made a big difference in improving human alignment. However, all such techniques can only work with a single (human) objective. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Akhil Agnihotri , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran , Zheng Wen

We introduce ontology-mediated planning, in which planning problems are combined with an ontology. Our formalism differs from existing ones in that we focus on a strong separation of the formalisms for describing planning problems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Tobias John , Patrick Koopmann

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial, but standard methods like Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) are often complex and unstable. In this work, we propose a new, simpler approach that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Saeed Najafi , Alona Fyshe

Aligning large language models with multiple human expectations and values is crucial for ensuring that they adequately serve a variety of user needs. To this end, offline multiobjective alignment algorithms such as the Rewards-in-Context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Haoran Gu , Handing Wang , Yi Mei , Mengjie Zhang , Yaochu Jin

As todays world grows with the technology on the other hand it seems to be small with the World Wide Web. With the use of Internet more and more information can be search from the web. When Users fires a query they want relevancy in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-11-26 Debajyoti Mukhopadhyay , Sajeeda Shikalgar

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been proven to be an effective method for preference alignment of large language models (LLMs) and is widely used in the post-training process of LLMs. However, RLHF struggles with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dongxu Liu , Bing Xu , Yinzhuo Chen , Bufan Xu , Wenpeng Lu , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao

Multi-objective preference alignment of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing AI systems that are more configurable, personalizable, helpful, and safe. However, optimizing model outputs to satisfy diverse objectives with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Raghav Gupta , Ryan Sullivan , Yunxuan Li , Samrat Phatale , Abhinav Rastogi

The Multilingual Semantic Web has been in focus for over a decade. Multilingualism in Linked Data and RDF has shown substantial adoption, but this is unclear for ontologies since the last review 15 years ago. One of the design goals for OWL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Frances Gillis-Webber , C. Maria Keet

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) aims to find a set of high-performing and diverse policies that address trade-offs between multiple conflicting objectives. However, in practice, decision makers (DMs) often deploy only one or a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Ke Li , Han Guo

Ontologies are widely used for representing domain knowledge and meta data, playing an increasingly important role in Information Systems, the Semantic Web, Bioinformatics and many other domains. However, logical reasoning that ontologies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiaoyan Chen , Olga Mashkova , Fernando Zhapa-Camacho , Robert Hoehndorf , Yuan He , Ian Horrocks

Machine Learning (ML) systems are capable of reproducing and often amplifying undesired biases. This puts emphasis on the importance of operating under practices that enable the study and understanding of the intrinsic characteristics of ML…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Mayra Russo , Maria-Esther Vidal

Heuristics are commonly used to tackle various search and optimization problems. Design heuristics usually require tedious manual crafting with domain knowledge. Recent works have incorporated Large Language Models (LLMs) into automatic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Shunyu Yao , Fei Liu , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Zhenkun Wang , Qingfu Zhang

Preference learning has recently emerged as a pivotal strategy for post-training alignment of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, existing approaches predominantly rely on external human-annotated preference data, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yuting Gao , Weihao Chen , Lan Wang , Ruihan Xu , Qingpei Guo

Reinforcement learning with human feedback~(RLHF) is critical for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preference. Compared to the widely studied offline version of RLHF, \emph{e.g.} direct preference optimization (DPO), recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Chenxi Liu , John Kirchenbauer , Davit Soselia , Chen Zhu , Tom Goldstein , Tianyi Zhou , Heng Huang

3D Mixed Reality interfaces have nearly unlimited space for layout placement, making automatic UI adaptation crucial for enhancing the user experience. Such adaptation is often formulated as a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yao Song , Christoph Gebhardt , Yi-Chi Liao , Christian Holz

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is important to leverage the full potential of machine learning (ML). In practice, users are often interested in multi-objective (MO) problems, i.e., optimizing potentially conflicting objectives, like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Joseph Giovanelli , Alexander Tornede , Tanja Tornede , Marius Lindauer
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