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Robust quantum computation requires encoding delicate quantum information into degrees of freedom that are hard for the environment to change. Quantum encodings have been demonstrated in many physical systems by observing and correcting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Maika Takita , Andrew W. Cross , A. D. Córcoles , Jerry M. Chow , Jay M. Gambetta

We propose a family of surface codes with general lattice structures, where the error-tolerances against bit and phase errors can be controlled asymmetrically by changing the underlying lattice geometries. The surface codes on various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Keisuke Fujii , Yuuki Tokunaga

Quantum computation can be performed by encoding logical qubits into the states of two or more physical qubits, and controlling a single effective exchange interaction and possibly a global magnetic field. This "encoded universality"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Mohseni , D. A. Lidar

Lattice surgery is a method to perform quantum computation fault-tolerantly by using operations on boundary qubits between different patches of the planar code. This technique allows for universal planar-code computation without eliminating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Daniel Herr , Alexandru Paler , Simon J. Devitt , Franco Nori

Pre-fault tolerant quantum computers have already demonstrated the ability to estimate observable values accurately, at a scale beyond brute-force classical computation. This has been enabled by error mitigation techniques that often rely…

Constructing an efficient and robust quantum memory is central to the challenge of engineering feasible quantum computer architectures. Quantum error correction codes can solve this problem in theory, but without careful design it can…

Fault-tolerant quantum computing based on surface codes has emerged as a popular route to large-scale quantum computers capable of accurate computation even in the presence of noise. Its popularity is, in part, because the fault-tolerance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-04 Jing Hao Chai , Hui Khoon Ng

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

Large-scale quantum information processing requires the use of quantum error correcting codes to mitigate the effects of noise in quantum devices. Topological error-correcting codes, such as surface codes, are promising candidates as they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Kunihiro Wasa , Shin Nishio , Koki Suetsugu , Michael Hanks , Ashley Stephens , Yu Yokoi , Kae Nemoto

Quantum bits have technological imperfections. Additionally, the capacity of a component that can be implemented feasibly is limited. Therefore, distributed quantum computation is required to scale up quantum computers. This dissertation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-11 Shota Nagayama

Fault-tolerant quantum computation with bosonic qubits often necessitates the use of noisy discrete-variable ancillae. In this work, we establish a comprehensive and practical fault-tolerance framework for such a hybrid system and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-01 Qian Xu , Pei Zeng , Daohong Xu , Liang Jiang

Modern lattice-based cryptography, particularly the learning with errors paradigm, relies on injecting artificial noise to secure data against quantum adversaries. This study systematically examines the theoretical and physical boundaries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Jiho Jung , Donghwa Ji , Mingyu Lee , Kabgyun Jeong

Quantum error correction is essential for the development of any scalable quantum computer. In this work we introduce a generalization of a quantum interleaving method for combating clusters of errors in toric quantum error-correcting…

Due to the fragility of quantum mechanical effects, real quantum computers are plagued by frequent noise effects that cause errors during computations. Quantum error-correcting codes address this problem by providing means to identify and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Thomas Grurl , Christoph Pichler , Jürgen Fuß , Robert Wille

Quantum networks serve as the means to transmit information, encoded in quantum bits or qubits, between quantum processors that are physically separated. Given the instability of qubits, the design of such networks is challenging,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Tianjie Hu , Jindi Wu , Qun Li

This is an expository article aiming to introduce the reader to the underlying mathematics and geometry of quantum error correction. Information stored on quantum particles is subject to noise and interference from the environment. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Simeon Ball , Aina Centelles , Felix Huber

Quantum error correction is an essential component for practical quantum computing on noisy quantum hardware. However, logical operations on error-corrected qubits require a significant resource overhead, especially for high-precision and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-31 Hyeongrak Choi , Frederic T. Chong , Dirk Englund , Yongshan Ding

Noise rates in quantum computing experiments have dropped dramatically, but reliable qubits remain precious. Fault-tolerance schemes with minimal qubit overhead are therefore essential. We introduce fault-tolerant error-correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-06 Rui Chao , Ben W. Reichardt

The goal of this paper is to review the theoretical basis for achieving a faithful quantum information transmission and processing in the presence of noise. Initially encoding and decoding, implementing gates and quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. J. Salas

The main ideas of quantum error correction are introduced. These are encoding, extraction of syndromes, error operators, and code construction. It is shown that general noise and relaxation of a set of 2-state quantum systems can always be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. M. Steane