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A common theme of enumerative combinatorics is formed by counting functions that are polynomials evaluated at positive integers. In this expository paper, we focus on four families of such counting functions connected to hyperplane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-07 Matthias Beck

We study a model of random binary trees grown "by the leaves" in the style of Luczak and Winkler. If $\tau_n$ is a uniform plane binary tree of size $n$, Luczak and Winkler, and later explicitly Caraceni and Stauffer, constructed a measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Alessandra Caraceni , Nicolas Curien , Robin Stephenson

We introduce some classes of increasing labeled and multilabeled trees, and we show that these trees provide combinatorial interpretations for certain Thron-type continued fractions with coefficients that are quasi-affine of period 2. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Veronica Bitonti , Bishal Deb , Alan D. Sokal

We discuss metric and combinatorial properties of Thompson's group T, including normal forms for elements and unique tree pair diagram representatives. We relate these properties to those of Thompson's group F when possible, and highlight…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Jose Burillo , Sean Cleary , Melanie Stein , Jennifer Taback

In this paper, we study combinatorial and asymptotic properties of some interesting rational numbers called the Br\'ezin--Gross--Witten (BGW) numbers, which can be represented as the intersection numbers of psi and Theta classes on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Jindong Guo , Paul Norbury , Di Yang , Don Zagier

We define a class of properties on random plane trees, which we call subtree additive properties, inspired by the combinatorics of certain biologically-interesting properties in a plane tree model of RNA secondary structure. The class of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-15 Anna Kirkpatrick , Chidozie Onyeze

A rooted planar map is a connected graph embedded in the 2-sphere, with one edge marked and assigned an orientation. A term of the pure lambda calculus is said to be linear if every variable is used exactly once, normal if it contains no…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Noam Zeilberger , Alain Giorgetti

Quasi-trees generalize trees in that the unique "path" between two nodes may be infinite and have any countable order type. They are used to define the rank-width of a countable graph in such a way that it is equal to the least upper-bound…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Bruno Courcelle

We consider a combinatorial question about searching for an unknown ideal $\mu$ within a known pointed poset $\lambda$. Elements of $\lambda$ may be queried for membership in $\mu$, but at most $k$ positive queries are permitted. We provide…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Roma Eisel , Valerie McMullen , Robert Muth

In our paper "Uniformity and the Taylor expansion of ordinary lambda-terms" (with Laurent Regnier), we studied a translation of lambda-terms as infinite linear combinations of resource lambda-terms, from a calculus similar to Boudol's…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-01-20 Thomas Ehrhard

We define decorated $\alpha$-stable trees which are informally obtained from an $\alpha$-stable tree by blowing up its branchpoints into random metric spaces. This generalizes the $\alpha$-stable looptrees of Curien and Kortchemski, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-09 Delphin Sénizergues , Sigurdur Örn Stefánsson , Benedikt Stufler

We study a general procedure that builds random $\mathbb R$-trees by gluing recursively a new branch on a uniform point of the pre-existing tree. The aim of this paper is to see how the asymptotic behavior of the sequence of lengths of…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-19 Nicolas Curien , Bénédicte Haas

In mathematical phylogenetics, the time-consistent galled trees provide a simple class of rooted binary network structures that can be used to represent a variety of different biological phenomena. We study the enumerative combinatorics of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-24 Lily Agranat-Tamir , Michael Fuchs , Bernhard Gittenberger , Noah A. Rosenberg

In this work we analyze bucket increasing tree families. We introduce two simple stochastic growth processes, generating random bucket increasing trees of size $n$, complementing the earlier result of Mahmoud and Smythe for bucket recursive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Markus Kuba , Alois Panholzer

The classical matrix tree theorem relates the number of spanning trees of a connected graph with the product of the nonzero eigenvalues of its Laplacian matrix. The class of regular matroids generalizes that of graphical matroids, and a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-12 Aaron Dall , Julian Pfeifle

We study maximal clades in random phylogenetic trees with the Yule-Harding model or, equivalently, in binary search trees. We use probabilistic methods to reprove and extend earlier results on moment asymptotics and asymptotic normality. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-28 Svante Janson

We construct vertex transitive lattices on products of trees of arbitrary dimension $d \geq 1$ based on quaternion algebras over global fields with exactly two ramified places. Starting from arithmetic examples, we find non-residually…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Nithi Rungtanapirom , Jakob Stix , Alina Vdovina

This was supposed to be an appendix to the book "Non-structure", and probably will be if it materializes. It presents relevant material, sometimes new, which was used in works which were supposed to be part of that book. In section 1 we…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-12-16 Saharon Shelah

We investigate pattern avoidance in permutations satisfying some additional restrictions. These are naturally considered in terms of avoiding patterns in linear extensions of certain forest-like partially ordered sets, which we call binary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Bevan , Derek Levin , Peter Nugent , Jay Pantone , Lara Pudwell , Manda Riehl , ML Tlachac

For a labeled tree on the vertex set $\set{1,2,\ldots,n}$, the local direction of each edge $(i\,j)$ is from $i$ to $j$ if $i<j$. For a rooted tree, there is also a natural global direction of edges towards the root. The number of edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Heesung Shin , Jiang Zeng