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We present a review of the conceptual basis, present knowledge and recent progress in the field of global analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs). After introducing the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-26 M. Klasen , H. Paukkunen

Study of parton distribution functions (PDFs) has led to a finer cognisance of the structure of partons in hadrons and the proton structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). PDFs are instrumental in predicting results for most…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-02 Akbari Jahan , Diptimonta Neog

A robust uncertainty estimate in global analyses of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) is essential at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), especially in view of the high-precision data anticipated by experimentalists in the High-Luminosity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-14 Mark N. Costantini , Luca Mantani , James M. Moore , Maria Ubiali

A determination of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) from a global fit to a dataset including measurements from the LHC has been performed. The determinations have been carried out according to the NNPDF methodology, leading to a fit…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-04 Nathan Hartland

We present new sets of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) at next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. Our analyses are based on deeply inelastic scattering data with charged-lepton and neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-09 Ilkka Helenius , Marina Walt , Werner Vogelsang

We present LO, NLO and NNLO sets of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton determined from global analyses of the available hard scattering data. These MMHT2014 PDFs supersede the `MSTW2008' parton sets, but are obtained within…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-11 L. A. Harland-Lang , A. D. Martin , P. Motylinski , R. S. Thorne

In this paper, conventional Global QCD analysis is generalized to produce parton distributions optimized for use with event generators at the LHC. This optimization is accomplished by combining the constraints due to existing…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-13 Hung-Liang Lai , Joey Huston , Stephen Mrenna , Pavel Nadolsky , Daniel Stump , Wu-Ki Tung , C. -P. Yuan

Vector meson production in ultra-peripheral pA and AA collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are very sensitive to Parton Distribution Functions (PDF) as well as to their leading-order, next-to-leading-order, and medium…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-03-08 J. Thomas , C. A. Bertulani , N. Brady , D. B. Clark , E. Godat , F. Olness

Recently a new set of Parton Distribution Functions (NNPDF1.2) has been produced and released by the NNPDF Collaboration. The inclusion of dimuon data in the analysis allows a determination of the strange content of the proton with faithful…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-07-28 Alberto Guffanti , Juan Rojo , Maria Ubiali

We present NNPDF3.0, the first set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) determined with a methodology validated by a closure test. NNPDF3.0 uses a global dataset including HERA-II deep-inelastic inclusive cross-sections, the combined…

Uncertainties on low-$x$ PDFs are crucial for the standard model benchmark processes of $W$ and $Z$ production at the LHC. The current level of PDF uncertainty is critically reviewed and the possibility of reducing this uncertainty using…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Tricoli , A. M. Cooper-Sarkar , C. Gwenlan

We provide an assessment of the impact of parton distributions on the determination of LHC processes, and of the accuracy with which parton distributions (PDFs) can be extracted from data, in particular from current and forthcoming HERA…

We discuss a test of the generalization power of the methodology used in the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The "future test" checks whether the uncertainty on PDFs, in regions in which they are not constrained by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-21 Juan Cruz-Martinez , Stefano Forte , Emanuele R. Nocera

We present the new MSHT20 set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton, determined from global analyses of the available hard scattering data. The PDFs are made available at NNLO, NLO, and LO, and supersede the MMHT14 sets.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-22 S. Bailey , T. Cridge , L. A. Harland-Lang , A. D. Martin , R. S. Thorne

We present new parton distribution functions (PDFs) up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) from the CTEQ-TEA global analysis of quantum chromodynamics. These differ from previous CT PDFs in several respects, including the use of data…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-03-09 Sayipjamal Dulat , Tie Jiun Hou , Jun Gao , Marco Guzzi , Joey Huston , Pavel Nadolsky , Jon Pumplin , Carl Schmidt , Daniel Stump , C. P. Yuan

In the context of a recent CTEQ6.6 global analysis, we review a new technique for studying correlated theoretical uncertainties in hadronic observables associated with imperfect knowledge of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-09-08 Pavel M. Nadolsky

In this contribution we briefly report on the progress and open problems in parton distribution functions (PDFs), with emphasis on their implications for LHC phenomenology. Then we study the impact of the recent ATLAS and CMS W lepton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-02 Juan Rojo

We present a global determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) that accounts for higher twist corrections in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) and linear power corrections for single inclusive jet and dijet production data from the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-26 Richard D. Ball , Amedeo Chiefa , Roy Stegeman

At the LHC we are colliding protons, but it is not the protons that are doing the interacting. It is their constituents the quarks, antiquarks and gluons-collectively known as partons. We need to know how what fractional momentum of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-24 A M Cooper-Sarkar

The present note relies on the recently published conceptual design report of the LHeC and extends the first contribution to the European strategy debate in emphasising the role of the LHeC to complement and complete the high luminosity LHC…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2013-01-10 J. L. Abelleira Fernandez , C. Adolphsen , P. Adzic , A. N. Akay , H. Aksakal , J. L. Albacete , B. Allanach , S. Alekhin , P. Allport , V. Andreev , R. B. Appleby , E. Arikan , N. Armesto , G. Azuelos , M. Bai , D. Barber , J. Bartels , O. Behnke , J. Behr , A. S. Belyaev , I. Ben-Zvi , N. Bernard , S. Bertolucci , S. Bettoni , S. Biswal , J. Blümlein , H. Böttcher , A. Bogacz , C. Bracco , J. Bracinik , G. Brandt , H. Braun , S. Brodsky , O. Brüning , E. Bulyak , A. Buniatyan , H. Burkhardt , I. T. Cakir , O. Cakir , R. Calaga , A. Caldwell , V. Cetinkaya , V. Chekelian , E. Ciapala , R. Ciftci , A. K. Ciftci , B. A. Cole , J. C. Collins , O. Dadoun , J. Dainton , A. De. Roeck , D. d'Enterria , P. DiNezza , M. D'Onofrio , A. Dudarev , A. Eide , R. Enberg , E. Eroglu , K. J. Eskola , L. Favart , M. Fitterer , S. Forte , A. Gaddi , P. Gambino , H. García Morales , T. Gehrmann , P. Gladkikh , C. Glasman , A. Glazov , R. Godbole , B. Goddard , T. Greenshaw , A. Guffanti , V. Guzey , C. Gwenlan , T. Han , Y. Hao , F. Haug , W. Herr , A. Hervé , B. J. Holzer , M. Ishitsuka , M. Jacquet , B. Jeanneret , E. Jensen , J. M. Jimenez , J. M. Jowett , H. Jung , H. Karadeniz , D. Kayran , A. Kilic , K. Kimura , R. Klees , M. Klein , U. Klein , T. Kluge , F. Kocak , M. Korostelev , A. Kosmicki , P. Kostka , H. Kowalski , M. Kraemer , G. Kramer , D. Kuchler , M. Kuze , T. Lappi , P. Laycock , E. Levichev , S. Levonian , V. N. Litvinenko , A. Lombardi , J. Maeda , C. Marquet , B. Mellado , K. H. Mess , A. Milanese , J. G. Milhano , S. Moch , I. I. Morozov , Y. Muttoni , S. Myers , S. Nandi , Z. Nergiz , P. R. Newman , T. Omori , J. Osborne , E. Paoloni , Y. Papaphilippou , C. Pascaud , H. Paukkunen , E. Perez , T. Pieloni , E. Pilicer , B. Pire , R. Placakyte , A. Polini , V. Ptitsyn , Y. Pupkov , V. Radescu , S. Raychaudhuri , L. Rinolfi , E. Rizvi , R. Rohini , J. Rojo , S. Russenschuck , M. Sahin , C. A. Salgado , K. Sampei , R. Sassot , E. Sauvan , M. Schaefer , U. Schneekloth , T. Schörner-Sadenius , D. Schulte , A. Senol , A. Seryi , P. Sievers , A. N. Skrinsky , W. Smith , D. South , H. Spiesberger , A. M. Stasto , M. Strikman , M. Sullivan , S. Sultansoy , Y. P. Sun , B. Surrow , L. Szymanowski , P. Taels , I. Tapan , T. Tasci , E. Tassi , H. Ten. Kate , J. Terron , H. Thiesen , L. Thompson , P. Thompson , K. Tokushuku , R. Tomás García , D. Tommasini , D. Trbojevic , N. Tsoupas , J. Tuckmantel , S. Turkoz , T. N. Trinh , K. Tywoniuk , G. Unel , T. Ullrich , J. Urakawa , P. VanMechelen , A. Variola , R. Veness , A. Vivoli , P. Vobly , J. Wagner , R. Wallny , S. Wallon , G. Watt , C. Weiss , U. A. Wiedemann , U. Wienands , F. Willeke , B. -W. Xiao , V. Yakimenko , A. F. Zarnecki , Z. Zhang , F. Zimmermann , R. Zlebcik , F. Zomer