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Related papers: Optimal Circuit-Level Decoding for Surface Codes

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The surface code is a prominent topological error-correcting code exhibiting high fault-tolerance accuracy thresholds. Conventional schemes for error correction with the surface code place qubits on a planar grid and assume native CNOT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Rui Chao , Michael E. Beverland , Nicolas Delfosse , Jeongwan Haah

Geometrically local quantum codes, which are error correction codes embedded in $\mathbb{R}^D$ with checks acting only on qubits within a fixed spatial distance, have garnered significant interest. Recently, it has been demonstrated how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Quinten Eggerickx , Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Kristiaan De Greve , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

The construction of topological error correction codes requires the ability to fabricate a lattice of physical qubits embedded on a manifold with a non-trivial topology such that the quantum information is encoded in the global degrees of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-18 James M. Auger , Hussain Anwar , Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia , Thomas M. Stace , Dan E. Browne

For a number of quantum channels of interest, phase-flip errors occur far more frequently than bit-flip errors. When transmitting across these asymmetric channels, the decoding error rate can be reduced by tailoring the code used to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 Alex Rigby , JC Olivier , Peter Jarvis

Fast classical processing is essential for most quantum fault-tolerance architectures. We introduce a sliding-window decoding scheme that provides fast classical processing for the surface code through parallelism. Our scheme divides the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-03 Xinyu Tan , Fang Zhang , Rui Chao , Yaoyun Shi , Jianxin Chen

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) decoding faces a fundamental accuracy-efficiency tradeoff. Classical methods like Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) exhibit variable performance across noise models and suffer from polynomial complexity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 David Zenati , Eliya Nachmani

Ternary channels can be used to model the behavior of some memory devices, where information is stored in three different levels. In this paper, error correcting coding for a ternary channel where some of the error transitions are not…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-05-31 Nicolas Bitouze , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Eirik Rosnes

We propose a new strategy to decode color codes, which is based on the projection of the error onto three surface codes. This provides a method to transform every decoding algorithm of surface codes into a decoding algorithm of color codes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-22 Nicolas Delfosse

The maximum likelihood (ML) decoder in the two-dimensional surface code with generic unitary errors is governed by a statistical mechanics model with complex weights, which can be simulated via (1+1)D transfer matrix contraction.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Yimu Bao , Sajant Anand

This paper tackles two problems that fall under the study of coding for insertions and deletions. These problems are motivated by several applications, among them is reconstructing strands in DNA-based storage systems. Under this paradigm,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Omer Sabary , Daniella Bar-Lev , Yotam Gershon , Alexander Yucovich , Eitan Yaakobi

Fast decoders that achieve strong error suppression are essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) from both practical and theoretical perspectives. The union-find (UF) decoder for the surface code is widely regarded as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Satoshi Yoshida , Ethan Lake , Hayata Yamasaki

Quantum computers are highly vulnerable to noise, necessitating the use of error-correcting codes to protect stored data. Errors must be continuously corrected over time to counteract decoherence using appropriate decoders. Therefore, fast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-03 Diego Forlivesi , Lorenzo Valentini , Marco Chiani

Whether it is at the fabrication stage or during the course of the quantum computation, e.g. because of high-energy events like cosmic rays, the qubits constituting an error correcting code may be rendered inoperable. Such defects may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Thomas Flatters , Simon Benjamin

Topological color codes defined by the 4.8.8 semiregular lattice feature geometrically local check operators and admit transversal implementation of the entire Clifford group, making them promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-14 Ashley M. Stephens

Color code is a promising topological code for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Insufficient research on the color code has delayed its practical application. In this work, we address several key issues to facilitate practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Jiaxuan Zhang , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo

Performing large calculations with a quantum computer will likely require a fault-tolerant architecture based on quantum error-correcting codes. The challenge is to design practical quantum error-correcting codes that perform well against…

Maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding for arbitrary block codes remains fundamentally hard, with worst-case time complexity-measured by the total number of multiplications-being no better than straightforward exhaustive search, which requires…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hoang Ly , Emina Soljanin , Michael Schleppy

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for operating quantum computers in the presence of noise. Here, we accurately decode arbitrary Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes via the maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT) problem. We show how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Mohammadreza Noormandipour , Tobias Haug

Quantum error correction is a critical component for scaling up quantum computing. Given a quantum code, an optimal decoder maps the measured code violations to the most likely error that occurred, but its cost scales exponentially with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Evgenii Egorov , Roberto Bondesan , Max Welling

Quantum error correction promises a viable path to fault-tolerant computations, enabling exponential error suppression when the device's error rates remain below the protocol's threshold. This threshold, however, strongly depends on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Maurice D. Hanisch , Bence Hetényi , James R. Wootton