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Related papers: The Galactic fountain as an origin for the Smith C…

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High-velocity clouds consist of cold gas that appears to be raining down from the halo to the disc of the Milky Way. Over the past fifty years, two competing scenarios have attributed their origin either to gas accretion from outside the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 F. Fraternali , A. Marasco , L. Armillotta , F. Marinacci

Recent observations of high velocity clouds (HVCs) have revealed compression fronts and tail shaped features of HI suggesting that they are interacting with external medium. We perform 3-D hydro-dynamical simulations of HVCs moving through…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Vicent Quilis , Ben Moore

The origin and survival of the Smith high-velocity HI cloud has so far defied explanation. This object has several remarkable properties: (i) its prograde orbit is ~100 km/s faster than the underlying Galactic rotation; (ii) its total gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-20 Thor Tepper-Garcia , Joss Bland-Hawthorn

Intermediate and high velocity HI clouds rain onto the plane of our Galaxy. They are observed at heights of between 500 and 1500 pc, falling onto the Galactic plane at velocities from 50 to 140 km s$^{-1}$. To explain the origin of these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Rodriguez-Gonzalez , A. C. Raga , J. Canto

The Smith Cloud is a high-velocity cloud (HVC) on its final approach to the Milky Way that shows evidence of interaction with the Galaxy's disk. We investigate the metallicity and gas-phase chemical depletion patterns in this HVC using UV…

The origin of the dense gas cloud G2 discovered in the Galactic Center (Gillessen et al. 2012) is still a debated puzzle. G2 might be a diffuse cloud or the result of an outflow from an invisible star embedded in it. We present here…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Ballone , M. Schartmann , A. Burkert , S. Gillessen , R. Genzel , T. K. Fritz , F. Eisenhauer , O. Pfuhl , T. Ott

The origin of the dense gas cloud G2 discovered in the Galactic Center (Gillessen et al. 2012) is still a debated puzzle. G2 might be a diffuse cloud or the result of an outflow from an invisible star embedded in it. We present…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Ballone , M. Schartmann , A. Burkert , S. Gillessen , R. Genzel , T. K. Fritz , F. Eisenhauer , O. Pfuhl , T. Ott

New 21cm HI observations made with the Green Bank Telescope show that the high-velocity cloud known as Smith's Cloud has a striking cometary appearance and many indications of interaction with the Galactic ISM. The velocities of interaction…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Felix J. Lockman , Robert A. Benjamin , A. J. Heroux , Glen I. Langston

We model the kinematics of the high- and intermediate- velocity clouds (HVCs and IVCs) observed in absorption towards a sample of 55 Galactic halo stars with accurate distance measurements. We employ a simple model of a thick disc whose…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-25 A. Marasco , F. Fraternali , N. Lehner , J. C. Howk

The Smith Cloud is a gaseous high-velocity cloud (HVC) in an advanced state of accretion, only 2.9 kpc below the Galactic plane and due to impact the disk in 27 Myr. It is unique among HVCs in having a known distance (12.4+/-1.3 kpc) and a…

The Milky Way is acquiring gas from infalling high-velocity clouds. The material enters a disk-halo interface that in many places is populated with HI clouds that have been ejected from the disk through processes linked to star formation.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Felix J. Lockman

Using 3D hydrodynamical simulations, we studied in detail the fountain flow and its dependence with several factors, such as the Galactic rotation, the distance to the Galactic center, and the presence of a hot gaseous halo. We have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 Claudio Melioli , Fabrizio Brighenti , Annibale D'Ercole , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino

We present two sets of grid-based hydrodynamical simulations of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) traveling through the diffuse, hot Galactic halo. These HI clouds have been suggested to provide fuel for ongoing star formation in the Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2011-02-11 Fabian Heitsch , Mary E. Putman

Multiwavelength observations, from radio to X-rays, have revealed the presence of multiphase high-velocity gas near the center of the Milky Way likely associated with powerful galactic outflows. This region offers a unique laboratory to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-12 Andrea Afruni , Enrico M. Di Teodoro , Lucia Armillotta , Callum A. Lynn , Naomi M. McClure-Griffiths

In the Galactic fountain scenario, supernovae and/or stellar winds propel material into the Galactic halo. As the material cools, it condenses into clouds. By using FLASH three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we model and study…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-20 Kyujin Kwak , Robin L. Shelton , Elizabeth A. Raley

The current velocity of the Smith Cloud indicates that it has undergone at least one passage of the Galactic disc. Using hydrodynamic simulations we examine the present day structure of the Smith Cloud. We find that a dark matter supported…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Matthew Nichols , Nestor Mirabal , Oscar Agertz , Felix J. Lockman , Joss Bland-Hawthorn

It is argued that galaxies like ours sustain their star formation by transferring gas from an extensive corona to the star-forming disc. The transfer is effected by the galactic fountain -- cool clouds that are shot up from the plane to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 F. Marinacci , J. Binney , F. Fraternali , C. Nipoti , L. Ciotti , P. Londrillo

We present findings of 3D filamentary structures in the Smith Cloud, a high-velocity cloud (HVC) located at $l=38^{\circ}$, $b=-13^{\circ}$. We use data from the Galactic Arecibo L-Band Feed Array \ion{H}{i} (GALFA-\ion{H}{i}) along with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-06 Colin Holm-Hansen , M. E. Putman , D. A. Kim

We here explore the effects of the SN explosions into the environment of star-forming galaxies like the Milky Way. Successive randomly distributed and clustered SNe explosions cause the formation of hot superbubbles that drive either…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , C. Melioli , A. D Ercole , F. Brighenti , A. Raga

High-velocity clouds (HVCs) may fuel future star formation in the Milky Way, but they must first survive their passage through the hot halo. While recent work has improved our understanding of the survival criterion for cloud-wind…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-28 Lori E. Porter , Matthew Abruzzo , Greg L. Bryan , Mary Putman , Yong Zheng , Drummond Fielding
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