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Efforts to understand unusual weather or abrupt changes in climate have been plagued by deficiencies of the standard solar model (SSM). While it assumes that our primary source of energy began as a homogeneous ball of hydrogen (H) with a…
The temporal sidelobes of few-cycle pulses seriously restrict their applications in ultrafast science. We propose a unique mechanism that enables the generation of sub-two-cycle pulses with high temporal quality based on soliton…
Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can give rise to interesting physics, from spin Hall to topological insulators, normally in condensed matter systems. Recently, this topical area has extended into atomic quantum gases in searching for…
High frequency modulations appearing in the kinetic energy distribution of laser accelerated ions are proposed for retrieving the acceleration field dynamics at femtosecond time scale. Such an approach becomes possible if the laser-cycling…
We present observations of 1.2-mm dust continuum emission, made with the Swedish ESO Submillimeter Telescope, towards eighteen luminous IRAS point sources, all with colors typical of compact HII regions and associated with CS(2-1) emission,…
We consider a many-body system of pseudo-spin-1/2 bosons with spin-orbit interactions, which couple the momentum and the internal pseudo-spin degree of freedom created by spatially varying laser fields. The corresponding single- particle…
Transformation of carbon dioxide into carbon nanotubes, CNTs, by electrolysis in molten carbonates provides a low cost route to extract and store this greenhouse gas. CNTs are more stable, compact and valuable than fuels or other CO2…
While plasma often behaves diamagnetically, we demonstrate that the laser irradiation of a thin opaque target with an embedded target-transverse seed magnetic field $B_\mathrm{seed}$ can trigger the generation of an order-of-magnitude…
The fast solar wind that fills the heliosphere originates from deep within regions of open magnetic field on the Sun called coronal holes. The energy source responsible for accelerating the plasma to high speeds is widely debated, however…
In laboratories, ultrahigh magnetic fields are usually produced with very large currents through superconducting, resistive or hybrid magnets, which require extreme conditions, such as low temperature, huge cooling water or tens of…
Galactic outflows commonly contain multiphase gas, and its physical origin requires explanation. Using the CGOLS (Cholla Galactic OutfLow Simulations) suite of high-resolution isolated galaxy models, we demonstrate the viability of rapid…
We study the cusp configuration of pre-seeded magnetic field for laser-driven flux-compression. The proposed configuration provides better particle confinement than that in Ref. [O.V. Gotchev et al., Journal of Fusion Energy 27 (2008)…
With the recent launch of the Hinode satellite our view of the nature and evolution of quiet-Sun regions has been improved. In light of the new high resolution observations, we revisit the study of the quiet Sun's topological nature.…
Spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the interaction between the spin and momentum of a quantum particle, is crucial for many important condensed matter phenomena. The recent experimental realization of SOC in neutral bosonic cold atoms provides a…
Electrical breakdown in a dielectric capacitor occurs when the electric field strength across the dielectric material exceeds its breakdown strength. A conductive channel through the dielectric emerges, resulting in a sudden surge of…
Experimental evidences reported in this letter show that the gas ionization induced positive charge accumulation can lead to the electron field emission from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an electrode system with proper range of gap spacing,…
We present an examination of the First Ionization Potential (FIP) fractionation scenario invoking the ponderomotive force in the chromosphere, and its implications for the source(s) of slow speed solar winds by using observations from The…
The origin of large scale cosmological magnetic fields remains a mystery, despite the continuous efforts devoted to that problem. We present a new model of magnetic field generation, based on local charge separation provided by an…
We explore terrestrial planet formation with a focus on the supply of solid-state organics as the main source of volatile carbon. For the water-poor Earth, the water ice line, or ice sublimation front, within the planet-forming disk has…
Using cold bosonic atoms with two (hyperfine) ground states, we introduce a spin-boson mixture which allows to implement the quantum Ising model in a tunable dissipative environment. The first specie lies in a deep optical lattice with…