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Complex organic molecules serve as indicators of molecular diversity. Their detection on comets, planets, and moons has prompted inquiries into their origins, particularly the conditions conducive to their formation. One hypothesis suggests…
Earth system predictability is challenged by the complexity of environmental dynamics and the multitude of variables involved. Current AI foundation models, although advanced by leveraging large and heterogeneous data, are often constrained…
After the efficiency of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells achieved more than 10%, the control of stability and degradation mechanisms of solar cells became a prominent task. The improvement of device efficiency due to incorporation of a…
Accurate estimation of global terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) is essential to understanding changes in the water cycle, which are expected to intensify in the context of climate change. Current global ET products are derived from…
We investigate an effective model Hamiltonian for organometallic complexes that are widely used in optoelectronic devices. The two most important parameters in the model are $J$, the effective exchange interaction between the $\pi$ and…
Modern energy applications, especially electric vehicles, demand high energy batteries. However, despite decades of intensive efforts, the highest energy density and commercially viable batteries are still based on LiCoO2, the very first…
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas emitted during biological wastewater treatment. A pseudo-mechanistic model describing three biological pathways for nitric oxide (NO) and N2O production was calibrated for mixed culture biomass…
The results of studies on the properties of ordinary and heavy water subjected to sharp mechanical impacts at acoustic repetition frequency are presented. Experimental evidence for the phenomenon of acoustically induced nuclear processes in…
We present simulations of Triton's post-capture orbit that confirm the importance of Kozai-type oscillations in its orbital elements. In the context of the tidal orbital evolution model, these variations require average pericenter distances…
Nuclear radiation, which refers to the energy emitted from atomic nuclei during decay, poses significant risks to human health and environmental safety. Recently, advancements in monitoring technology have facilitated the effective…
Photoemission orbital tomography (POT) is a powerful tool for investigating the orbitals and electronic band structure of oriented layers of organic molecules. In many cases, POT allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the geometric…
Most planets currently amenable to transit spectroscopy are close enough to their host star to exhibit a relatively strong day to night temperature gradient. For hot planets, this leads to cause a chemical composition dichotomy between the…
Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with intractable high overpotential is the rate-limiting step for rechargeable metal-air battery, water electrolysis systems, and solar fuels devices. There exists a spin state transition from spin singlet…
Many chemical reactions can be formulated in terms of particle diffusion in a complex energy landscape. Transition path theory (TPT) is a theoretical framework for describing the direct (reaction) pathways from reactant to product states…
Transiting planets provide a unique opportunity to study the atmospheres of extra-solar planets. Radiative hydrodynamical models of the atmosphere provide a crucial link between the physical characteristics of the atmosphere and the…
Plants and insects communicate using chemical signals like volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A plant encodes information using different blends of VOCs, which propagate through the air to represent different symbolic information. This…
Electroforming of metal-oxide-metal memristors is generally attributed to the creation of oxygen-vacancy filaments within the oxide, with noble metal electrodes such as Pt and Au remaining chemically inert. Here, we demonstrate that…
Accurately quantifying the transmutation rate of tungsten (W) under neutron irradiation is a necessary requirement in the assessment of its performance as an armour material in a fusion power plant. The usual approach of calculating average…
Tropospheric ozone is one of six criteria pollutants regulated by the US EPA, and has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular endpoints and adverse effects on vegetation and ecosystems. Regional photochemical models have been…
The water uptake by roots of plants is examined for an ideal situation, with an approximation that resembles plants growing in pots, meaning that the total soil volume is fixed. We propose a coupled water uptake-root growth model. A…