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The study of complexity measures of Boolean functions led Nisan and Szegedy to state the sensitivity conjecture in 1994, claiming a polynomial relation between degree and sensitivity. This problem remained unsolved until 2019, when Huang…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-25 Sara Asensio , Ignacio García-Marco , Kolja Knauer

The parity decision tree model extends the decision tree model by allowing the computation of a parity function in one step. We prove that the deterministic parity decision tree complexity of any Boolean function is polynomially related to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-04-06 Zhiqiang Zhang , Yaoyun Shi

We focus on rational solutions or nearly-feasible rational solutions that serve as certificates of feasibility for polynomial optimization problems. We show that, under some separability conditions, certain cubic polynomially constrained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-15 Daniel Bienstock , Alberto del Pia , Robert Hildebrand

We initiate a study of algorithms with a focus on the computational complexity of individual elements, and introduce the fragile complexity of comparison-based algorithms as the maximal number of comparisons any individual element takes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Peyman Afshani , Rolf Fagerberg , David Hammer , Riko Jacob , Irina Kostitsyna , Ulrich Meyer , Manuel Penschuck , Nodari Sitchinava

In the certification problem, the algorithm is given a function $f$ with certificate complexity $k$ and an input $x^\star$, and the goal is to find a certificate of size $\le \text{poly}(k)$ for $f$'s value at $x^\star$. This problem is in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Guy Blanc , Caleb Koch , Jane Lange , Carmen Strassle , Li-Yang Tan

$\newcommand{\F}{\mathbb{F}}$We study the Boolean function parameters sensitivity ($s$), block sensitivity ($bs$), and alternation ($alt$) under specially designed affine transforms. For a function $f:\F_2^n\to \{0,1\}$, and $A=Mx+b$ for $M…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Krishnamoorthy Dinesh , Jayalal Sarma

The degree of a CSP instance is the maximum number of times that any variable appears in the scopes of constraints. We consider the approximate counting problem for Boolean CSP with bounded-degree instances, for constraint languages…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-09-19 Martin Dyer , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Markus Jalsenius , David Richerby

We show that any quantum algorithm deciding whether an input function $f$ from $[n]$ to $[n]$ is 2-to-1 or almost 2-to-1 requires $\Theta(n)$ queries to $f$. The same lower bound holds for determining whether or not a function $f$ from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-02-01 Paul Beame , Widad Machmouchi

Recent progress towards theoretical interpretability guarantees for AI has been made with classifiers that are based on interactive proof systems. A prover selects a certificate from the datapoint and sends it to a verifier who decides the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Stephan Wäldchen

This article presents a general multivariate $f$-sensitivity index, rooted in the $f$-divergence between the unconditional and conditional probability measures of a stochastic response, for global sensitivity analysis. Unlike the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-09 Sharif Rahman

In this paper, we study the query complexity of Boolean functions in the presence of uncertainty, motivated by parallel computation with an unlimited number of processors where inputs are allowed to be unknown. We allow each query to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Deepu Benson , Balagopal Komarath , Nikhil Mande , Sai Soumya Nalli , Jayalal Sarma , Karteek Sreenivasaiah

The study of algorithmic fairness received growing attention recently. This stems from the awareness that bias in the input data for machine learning systems may result in discriminatory outputs. For clustering tasks, one of the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Katrin Casel , Tobias Friedrich , Martin Schirneck , Simon Wietheger

In the spanning-tree congestion problem ($\mathsf{STC}$), we are given a graph $G$, and the objective is to compute a spanning tree of $G$ that minimizes the maximum edge congestion. While $\mathsf{STC}$ is known to be $\mathbb{NP}$-hard,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Sunny Atalig , Marek Chrobak , Christoph Dürr , Petr Kolman , Huong Luu , Jiří Sgall , Gregory Zhu

We survey recent progress in the proof complexity of strong proof systems and its connection to algebraic circuit complexity, showing how the synergy between the two gives rise to new approaches to fundamental open questions, solutions to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Tonnian Pitassi , Iddo Tzameret

In this paper we investigate the sensitivity complexity of hypergraph properties. We present a $k$-uniform hypergraph property with sensitivity complexity $O(n^{\lceil k/3\rceil})$ for any $k\geq3$, where $n$ is the number of vertices.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-25 Qian Li , Xiaoming Sun

Code Sensitivity refers to the ability of Code LLMs to recognize and respond to details changes in problem descriptions. While current code benchmarks and instruction data focus on difficulty and diversity, sensitivity is overlooked. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Xianzhen Luo , Qingfu Zhu , Zhiming Zhang , Mingzheng Xu , Tianhao Cheng , Yixuan Wang , Zheng Chu , Shijie Xuyang , Zhiyuan Ma , YuanTao Fan , Wanxiang Che

Based on the recent breakthrough of Huang (2019), we show that for any total Boolean function $f$, $\bullet \quad \mathrm{deg}(f) = O(\widetilde{\mathrm{deg}}(f)^2)$: The degree of $f$ is at most quadratic in the approximate degree of $f$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-27 Scott Aaronson , Shalev Ben-David , Robin Kothari , Shravas Rao , Avishay Tal

Boolean functions are important primitives in different domains of cryptology, complexity and coding theory. In this paper, we connect the tools from cryptology and complexity theory in the domain of Boolean functions with low polynomial…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Subhamoy Maitra , Chandra Sekhar Mukherjee , Pantelimon Stanica , Deng Tang

A labeled oriented graph (LOG) is an oriented graph with a labeling function from the edge set into the vertex set. The complexity of a LOG is the minimal cardinality of an initial set $S$ of vertices such that every vertex can be reached…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-24 Moritz Christmann , Timo de Wolff

We investigate replicable learning algorithms. Ideally, we would like to design algorithms that output the same canonical model over multiple runs, even when different runs observe a different set of samples from the unknown data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Peter Dixon , A. Pavan , Jason Vander Woude , N. V. Vinodchandran