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The mechanism for picking guards in Tor suffers from security problems like guard fingerprinting and from performance issues. To address these issues, Hayes and Danezis proposed the use of guard sets, in which the Tor system groups all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Mohsen Imani , Armon Barton , Matthew Wright

While anonymity networks like Tor aim to protect the privacy of their users, they are vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks such as Website Fingerprinting (WF) and Flow Correlation (FC). Recent implementations of WF and FC attacks, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 James K Holland , Jason Carpenter , Se Eun Oh , Nicholas Hopper

Watermark has been widely deployed by industry to detect AI-generated images. The robustness of such watermark-based detector against evasion attacks in the white-box and black-box settings is well understood in the literature. However, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yuepeng Hu , Zhengyuan Jiang , Moyang Guo , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

The Lightning Network promises to alleviate Bitcoin's known scalability problems. The operation of such second layer approaches relies on the ability of participants to turn to the blockchain to claim funds at any time, which is assumed to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Jona Harris , Aviv Zohar

Natural language processing (NLP) technology has shown great commercial value in applications such as sentiment analysis. But NLP models are vulnerable to the threat of pirated redistribution, damaging the economic interests of model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Long Dai , Jiarong Mao , Xuefeng Fan , Xiaoyi Zhou

In this paper, we study the two-way relay channel with energy harvesting nodes. In particular, we find transmission policies that maximize the sum-throughput for two-way relay channels when the relay does not employ a data buffer. The relay…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Kaya Tutuncuoglu , Burak Varan , Aylin Yener

Watermarking has emerged as a prominent technique for LLM-generated content detection by embedding imperceptible patterns. Despite supreme performance, its robustness against adversarial attacks remains underexplored. Previous work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Baizhou Huang , Xiao Pu , Xiaojun Wan

Machine learning is increasingly used in security-critical applications, such as autonomous driving, face recognition and malware detection. Most learning methods, however, have not been designed with security in mind and thus are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Erwin Quiring , Daniel Arp , Konrad Rieck

Watermarking has emerged as a crucial technique for detecting and attributing content generated by large language models. While recent advancements have utilized watermark ensembles to enhance robustness, prevailing methods typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Ruibo Chen , Yihan Wu , Xuehao Cui , Jingqi Zhang , Heng Huang

Many learning tasks require us to deal with graph data which contains rich relational information among elements, leading increasing graph neural network (GNN) models to be deployed in industrial products for improving the quality of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Xiangyu Zhao , Hanzhou Wu , Xinpeng Zhang

The growing popularity of Deep Neural Networks, which often require computationally expensive training and access to a vast amount of data, calls for accurate authorship verification methods to deter unlawful dissemination of the models and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Elena Rodriguez-Lois , Fernando Perez-Gonzalez

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely deployed in industry, making their intellectual property valuable. However, protecting GNNs from unauthorized use remains a challenge. Watermarking offers a solution by embedding ownership information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jane Downer , Yingdan Shi , Ziyan Liu , Ren Wang , Binghui Wang

LLM watermarks stand out as a promising way to attribute ownership of LLM-generated text. One threat to watermark credibility comes from spoofing attacks, where an unauthorized third party forges the watermark, enabling it to falsely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Thibaud Gloaguen , Nikola Jovanović , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Multi-bit watermarking (MW) has been designed to enhance resistance against watermarking attacks, such as signal processing operations and geometric distortions. Various benchmark tools exist to assess this robustness through simulated…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Seung-Hun Nam , Jihyeon Kang , Daesik Kim , Namhyuk Ahn , Wonhyuk Ahn

Cyber-attacks continue to grow, both in terms of volume and sophistication. This is aided by an increase in available computational power, expanding attack surfaces, and advancements in the human understanding of how to make attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Hanan Hindy , Robert Atkinson , Christos Tachtatzis , Ethan Bayne , Miroslav Bures , Xavier Bellekens

Several hundred Tor exit relays together push more than 1 GiB/s of network traffic. However, it is easy for exit relays to snoop and tamper with anonymised network traffic and as all relays are run by independent volunteers, not all of them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Philipp Winter , Stefan Lindskog

Network flow fingerprinting can be used to de-anonymize communications on anonymity systems such as Tor by linking the ingress and egress segments of anonymized connections. Assume Alice and Bob have access to the input and the output links…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Ramin Soltani , Dennis Goeckel , Don Towsley , Amir Houmansadr

With the increasing use of large language models (LLMs) in daily life, concerns have emerged regarding their potential misuse and societal impact. Watermarking is proposed to trace the usage of specific models by injecting patterns into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Baizhou Huang , Xiaojun Wan

In this paper, we examine the internet of things system which is dedicated for smart cities, smart factory, and connected cars, etc. To support such systems in wide area with low power consumption, energy harvesting technology without wired…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Kiseop Chung , Jin-Taek Lim

In recent years, data poisoning attacks have been increasingly designed to appear harmless and even beneficial, often with the intention of verifying dataset ownership or safeguarding private data from unauthorized use. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yifan Zhu , Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao