English
Related papers

Related papers: The Almost Equivalence by Asymptotic Probabilities…

200 papers

We study structural aspects of randomized parameterized computation. We introduce a new class ${\sf W[P]}$-${\sf PFPT}$ as a natural parameterized analogue of ${\sf PP}$. Our definition uses the machine based characterization of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Ankit Chauhan , B. V. Raghavendra Rao

We investigate the equational theory for Kleene algebra terms with variable complements and constant complements -- (language) complement where it applies only to variables or constants -- w.r.t. languages. While the equational theory…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yoshiki Nakamura , Ryoma Sin'ya

Ibeling et al. (2023). axiomatize increasingly expressive languages of causation and probability, and Mosse et al. (2024) show that reasoning (specifically the satisfiability problem) in each causal language is as difficult, from a…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Duligur Ibeling , Thomas F. Icard , Milan Mossé

Plausibility measures are structures for reasoning in the face of uncertainty that generalize probabilities, unifying them with weaker structures like possibility measures and comparative probability relations. So far, the theory of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-07 Tobias Fritz , Matthew Leifer

We clarify the significance of quasiprobability (QP) in quantum mechanics that is relevant in describing physical quantities associated with a transition process. Our basic quantity is Aharonov's weak value, from which the QP can be defined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-21 Kazuki Fukuda , Jaeha Lee , Izumi Tsutsui

The aim of this thesis is to determine classes of NP relations for which random generation and approximate counting problems admit an efficient solution. Since efficient rank implies efficient random generation, we first investigate some…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-12-15 Massimo Santini

The notion of an e-value has been recently proposed as a possible alternative to critical regions and p-values in statistical hypothesis testing. In this paper we consider testing the nonparametric hypothesis of symmetry, introduce…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-29 Vladimir Vovk , Ruodu Wang

Multiple testing of a single hypothesis and testing multiple hypotheses are usually done in terms of p-values. In this paper we replace p-values with their natural competitor, e-values, which are closely related to betting, Bayes factors,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Vladimir Vovk , Ruodu Wang

We study the computational complexity of universality and inclusion problems for unambiguous finite automata and context-free grammars. We observe that several such problems can be reduced to the universality problem for unambiguous…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Lorenzo Clemente

We consider weak solutions of the adjoint equation for an elliptic operator in nondivergent form, and their asymptotic properties at an interior point. We assume that the coefficients a_{ij} are bounded, measurable, complex-valued functions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Maz'ya , Robert McOwen

In this paper we initiate the study of the computational complexity of learning linear temporal logic (LTL) formulas from examples. We construct approximation algorithms for fragments of LTL and prove hardness results; in particular we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Guillaume Lagarde

Deciding termination is a fundamental problem in the analysis of probabilistic imperative programs. We consider the qualitative and quantitative probabilistic termination problems for an imperative programming model with discrete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Rupak Majumdar , V. R. Sathiyanarayana

Recent advances in AI have been significantly driven by the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to solve complex problems in ways that resemble human thinking. However, there is an ongoing debate about the extent to which LLMs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Javier González , Aditya V. Nori

We introduce a concept of efficiency for which we can prove that it applies to all paddable languages, but still does not conflict with potential worst case intractability. Note that the family of paddable languages apparently includes all…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Andras Farago

Driven by the interest of reasoning about probabilistic programming languages, we set out to study a notion of unicity of normal forms for them. To provide a tractable proof method for it, we define a property of distribution confluence…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Alejandro Díaz-Caro , Guido Martínez

An interesting line of research in natural language processing (NLP) aims to incorporate linguistic typology to bridge linguistic diversity and assist the research of low-resource languages. While most works construct linguistic similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Haotian Ye , Yihong Liu , Hinrich Schütze

This paper presents the following results on sets that are complete for NP. 1. If there is a problem in NP that requires exponential time at almost all lengths, then every many-one NP-complete set is complete under length-increasing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Xiaoyang Gu , John M. Hitchcock , A. Pavan

The computational complexity of the partition, 0-1 subset sum, unbounded subset sum, 0-1 knapsack and unbounded knapsack problems and their multiple variants were studied in numerous papers in the past where all the weights and profits were…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Dominik Wojtczak

Many statistical applications involve models for which it is difficult to evaluate the likelihood, but from which it is relatively easy to sample. Approximate Bayesian computation is a likelihood-free method for implementing Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-29 Wentao Li , Paul Fearnhead

We develop a pseudo-metric analogue of bisimulation for generalized semi-Markov processes. The kernel of this pseudo-metric corresponds to bisimulation; thus we have extended bisimulation for continuous-time probabilistic processes to a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Vineet Gupta , Radha Jagadeesan , Prakash Panangaden