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Several problems in machine learning are naturally expressed as the design and analysis of time-evolving probability distributions. This includes sampling via diffusion methods, optimizing the weights of neural networks, and analyzing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Gabriel Peyré

We consider a family of controlled reaction-diffusion equations, describing the spatial spreading of an invasive biological species. For a given propagation speed $c\in{I\!\!R}$, we seek a control with minimum cost, which achieves a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Alberto Bressan , Minyan Zhang

Levy flights and subdiffusive processes and their properties are discussed. We derive the space- and time-fractional transport equations, and consider their solutions in external potentials. An extensive list of references is included.

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-06-26 Ralf Metzler , Aleksei V. Chechkin , Joseph Klafter

Longstanding problems regarding the causality of the diffusion equation are resolved through a class of exact solutions. A universal differential solution for diffusive processes is derived that is causal and exact at any analytic point in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-03-27 Clifford Chafin

In this paper we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of some nonlocal diffusion problems with local reaction term in general metric measure spaces. We find certain classes of nonlinear terms, including logistic type terms, for which solutions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Aníbal Rodríguez-Bernal , Silvia Sastre-Gomez

This paper is concerned with the blow-up property of solutions to an initial boundary value problem for a reaction diffusion equation with special diffusion processes. It is shown, under certain conditions on the initial data, that the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Yuzhu Han

This note is devoted to some nonlocal, nonlinear elliptic problems with an emphasis on the computation of the solution of such problems, reducing it in particular to a fixed point argument in R. Errors estimates and numerical experiments…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-01-28 M. M. Chipot , A. Luthra , S. A. Sauter

This work develops a distributed optimization strategy with guaranteed exact convergence for a broad class of left-stochastic combination policies. The resulting exact diffusion strategy is shown in Part II to have a wider stability range…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Kun Yuan , Bicheng Ying , Xiaochuan Zhao , Ali H. Sayed

We study a reaction-diffusion system of partial differential equations, which can be taken to be a basic model for criminal activity. We show that the assumption of a populations natural tendency towards crime significantly changes the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-07-12 Henri Berestycki , Nancy Rodriguez , Lenya Ryzhik

We prove a maximum principle for the problem of optimal control for a fractional diffusion with infinite horizon. Further, we show existence of fractional backward stochastic differential equations on infinite horizon. We illustrate our…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-06-29 Sven Haadem

We explore the problem of computationally generating special `prime' images that produce optical illusions when physically arranged and viewed in a certain way. First, we propose a formal definition for this problem. Next, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ryan Burgert , Xiang Li , Abe Leite , Kanchana Ranasinghe , Michael S. Ryoo

We consider a new type of optimal stopping problems where the absorbing boundary moves as the state process X attains new maxima S. More specifically, we set the absorbing boundary as S-b where b is a certain constant. This problem is…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-15 Masahiko Egami , Tadao Oryu

In this paper we discuss the local discontinuous Galerkin methods coupled with two specific explicit-implicit-null time discretizations for solving one-dimensional nonlinear diffusion problems $U_t=(a(U)U_x)_x$. The basic idea is to add and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-29 Haijin Wang , Qiang Zhang , Shiping Wang , Chi-Wang Shu

We propose finite difference methods for degenerate fully nonlinear elliptic equations and prove the convergence of the schemes. Our focus is on the pure equation and a related free boundary problem of transmission type. The cornerstone of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Edgard A. Pimentel , Ercília Sousa

The use of reaction-diffusion models rests on the key assumption that the underlying diffusive process is Gaussian. However, a growing number of studies have pointed out the prevalence of anomalous diffusion, and there is a need to…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2009-11-07 D. del-Castillo-Negrete , B. A. Carreras , V. E. Lynch

We study the existence of particular traveling wave solutions of a nonlinear parabolic degenerate diffusion equation with a shear flow. Under some assumptions we prove that such solutions exist at least for propagation speeds c {\in}]c*,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-12-19 Léonard Monsaingeon , Alexeï Novikov , Jean-Michel Roquejoffre

In this paper we study the optimal dividend problem for a company whose surplus process evolves as a spectrally positive Levy process. This model including the dual model of the classical risk model and the dual model with diffusion as…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-11 Chuancun Yin , Yuzhen Wen , Yongxia Zhao

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative modeling framework for discrete data with successful applications spanning from text generation to image synthesis. However, their deployment faces challenges due to the high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yinuo Ren , Haoxuan Chen , Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Yongxin Chen , Grant M. Rotskoff , Molei Tao , Lexing Ying

This paper studies an optimal stopping problem for L\'evy processes. We give a justification of the form of the Snell envelope using standard results of optimal stopping. We also justify the convexity of the value function, and without a…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Diana Dorobantu

The most general reaction-diffusion model on a Cayley tree with nearest-neighbor interactions is introduced, which can be solved exactly through the empty-interval method. The stationary solutions of such models, as well as their dynamics,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Laleh Farhang Matin , Amir Aghamohammadi , Mohammad Khorrami