Related papers: Definable Coherent Ultrapowers and Elementary Exte…

With infinitely many high-quality data points, infinite computational power, an infinitely large foundation model with a perfect training algorithm and guaranteed zero generalization error on the pretext task, can the model be used for…

A divisibility relation on ultrafilters on the set $\mathbb{N}$ of natural numbers is defined as follows: ${\cal F}\hspace{1mm}\widetilde{\mid}\hspace{1mm}{\cal G}$ if and only if every set in $\cal F$ upward closed for divisibility also…

A cohesive power of a structure is an effective analog of the classical ultrapower of a structure. We start with a computable structure, and consider its countable ultrapower over a cohesive set of natural numbers. A cohesive set is an…

Refinement type checkers are a powerful way to reason about functional programs. For example, one can prove properties of a slow, specification implementation, porting the proofs to an optimized implementation that behaves the same. Without…

Let M be a smooth CR manifold of CR dimension n and CR codimension k, which is not compact, but has the local extension property E. We introduce the notion of "elementary pseudoconcavity" for M, which extends to CR manifolds the concept of…

An ultrafilter $p$ on $\omega$ is said to be discrete if, given any function $f\colon \omega \to X$ to any completely regular Hausdorff space, there is an $A \in p$ such that $f(A)$ is discrete. Basic properties of discrete ultrafilters are…

Extensivity of a category may be described as a property of coproducts in the category, namely, that they are disjoint and universal. An alternative viewpoint is that it is a property of morphisms in a category. This paper explores this…

A pointwise definable model is one in which every object is definable without parameters. In a model of set theory, this property strengthens V=HOD, but is not first-order expressible. Nevertheless, if ZFC is consistent, then there are…

The ultraproduct construction is generalized to $p$-ultramean constructions ($1\leqslant p<\infty$) by replacing ultrafilters with finitely additive measures. These constructions correspond to the linear fragments $\mathscr L^p$ of…

We prove that for p-optimal fields (a very large subclass of p-minimal fields containing all the known examples) a cell decomposition theorem follows from methods going back to Denef's paper [Invent. Math, 77 (1984)]. We derive from it the…

In an exact conformal theory there is no particle. The excitations have continuum spectra and are called "unparticles" by Georgi. We consider supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model with approximate conformal sectors. The conformal…

The ultrapower theorem of Keisler-Shelah allows such model-theoretic notions as elementary equivalence, elementary embedding and existential embedding to be couched in the language of categories (limits, morphism diagrams). This in turn…

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable success in different areas of machine learning over the past decade; however, the size and complexity of these models make them difficult to understand. In an effort to make them more…

For each $n\geq2$ we construct an unbounded closed pseudoconcave complete pluripolar set $\mathcal E$ in $\mathbb C^n$ which contains no analytic variety of positive dimension (we call it a \textit{Wermer type set}). We also construct an…

Though deep learning has pushed the boundaries of classification forward, in recent years hints of the limits of standard classification have begun to emerge. Problems such as fooling, adding new classes over time, and the need to retrain…

Building upon the fundamental partial compositeness framework we provide consistent and complete composite extensions of the standard model. These are used to determine the effective operators emerging at the electroweak scale in terms of…

Concept-based explainable approaches have emerged as a promising method in explainable AI because they can interpret models in a way that aligns with human reasoning. However, their adaption in the text domain remains limited. Most existing…

We call a finitely complete category algebraically coherent when the change-of-base functors of its fibration of points are coherent, which means that they preserve finite limits and jointly strongly epimorphic pairs of arrows. We give…

This is a continuation of the paper (quant-ph/0009012). In this letter we extend coherent operators and study some basic properties (the disentangling formula, resolution of unity, commutation relation, etc). We also propose a perspective…

Let $C\subseteq M$ be stably embedded in a structure $\cM=(M;\dots)$. We consider {\em Fubini measures} on the subcategory $\Def(C)$ of the category $\Def(\cM)$ of definable sets in $\cM$, with ``Fubini" signaling good behaviour in…