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The Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are gradually involved into consideration as the phenomenon having reliable basis. We discuss here the possibility of their agglomeration into clusters that may have several prominent observable features.…

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form from gravitational collapse of large overdensities in the early Universe, giving rise to rich phenomena in astrophysics and cosmology. We develop a novel, general, and systematic method based on theory…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki , Volodymyr Takhistov , Jianing Wang

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a useful tool in cosmology to probe primordial inhomogeneities on small scales that reenter the Hubble radius during the radiation dominated epoch. In this paper, a phenomenon we call the double formation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-20 Tomohiro Nakama

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are black holes that might have formed in high density regions in the early universe. The presence of local-type non-Gaussianity can lead to large-scale fluctuations in the PBH formation rate. If PBHs make up a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-30 Raphaël van Laak , Sam Young

In this chapter we first describe the early history of primordial black hole (PBH) research. We then discuss their possible formation mechanisms, including critical collapse from inflationary fluctuations and various types of phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-24 Bernard Carr , Florian Kuhnel

The primordial black hole (PBH) formation is studied in light of the inflating curvaton. The typical scale of the PBH formation is determined by curvaton inflation, which may generate PBH with $10^{14}\mathrm{g}\le M_\mathrm{PBH}\le…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-06-05 Kazunori Kohri , Chia-Min Lin , Tomohiro Matsuda

There is growing notion that black holes may not contain curvature singularities (and that indeed nature in general may abhor such spacetime defects). This notion could have implications on our understanding of the evolution of primordial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Manasse R. Mbonye , Nicholas Battista , Benjamin Farr

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may be part of the dark matter. It is shown here that PBHs form more easily during cosmic phase transitions. For approximately scale-invariant primordial curvature fluctuations the PBH mass function may…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Karsten Jedamzik

This paper is a biased review of primordial black hole (PBH) formation and abundance estimation. We first review the three-zone model for PBH formation to help an intuitive understanding of the PBH formation process. Then, for more accurate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-19 Chul-Moon Yoo

We consider the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs), during the radiation-dominated Universe, generated from the collapse of super-horizon curvature fluctuations that are overlapped with others on larger scales. Using a set of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-26 Albert Escrivà , Chul-Moon Yoo

We present a novel model-independent generic mechanism for primordial black hole formation within the context of non-singular matter bouncing cosmology. In particular, considering a short duration transition from the matter contracting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-21 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Shreya Banerjee , Yi-Fu Cai , Salvatore Capozziello , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

Recent developments in the study of primordial black holes (PBHs) will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on their formation and evaporation. PBHs could provide a unique probe of the early Universe, gravitational collapse, high energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 B. J. Carr

This is a review article on the primordial black holes (PBHs), with particular focus on the massive ones ($\gtrsim 10^{15}{\rm g}$) which have not evaporated by the present epoch by the Hawking radiation. By the detections of gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Misao Sasaki , Teruaki Suyama , Takahiro Tanaka , Shuichiro Yokoyama

Cosmic necklaces are hybrid topological defects consisting of monopoles and strings. We argue that primordial black holes(PBHs) may have formed from loops of the necklaces, if there exist stable winding states, such as coils and cycloops.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Tomohiro Matsuda

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are theoretical black holes which may be formed during the radiation dominant era and, basically, caused by the gravitational collapse of radiational overdensities. It has been well known that in the context of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-26 Yuichiro Tada , Shuichiro Yokoyama

The phenomenology of primordial black hole (PBH) physics and the associated PBH abundance constraints, can be used in order to probe the physics of the early Universe. In this work, we investigate the PBH formation during the standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-21 Shreya Banerjee , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

Primordial Black Hole Remnants(PBHRs) can be considered as a primary source of cold dark matter. Hybrid inflation provides a possible framework for production of primordial black holes(PBHs) and these PBHs evaporate subsequently to produce…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-05-23 Kourosh Nozari

We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe during a period of slow reheating after inflation. We demonstrate how the PBH formation mechanism may change even before the end of the matter-dominated phase and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 Bernard Carr , Konstantinos Dimopoulos , Charlotte Owen , Tommi Tenkanen

Recent developments in the study of primordial black holes (PBHs) will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on their formation and evaporation. PBHs could provide a unique probe of the early Universe, gravitational collapse, high energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 B. J. Carr

We investigate the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) from the collapse of spherically symmetric domain wall bubbles, which spontaneously nucleate via quantum tunneling during inflation. Since the tension of domain walls changes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Jing Liu , Zong-Kuan Guo , Rong-Gen Cai