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We study a two-grid strategy for decoupling the time-dependent Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations describing the mass concentration of ions and the electrostatic potential. The computational system is decoupled to smaller systems by using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Ruigang Shen , Shi Shu , Ying Yang , Benzhuo Lu

In this paper, a two-grid method is proposed to linearize and symmetrize the steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations. The computational system is decoupled to linearize and symmetrize equations by using this method, which can improve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-23 Xuefang Li , Ying Yang , Hang Cheng

We present and analyze two stabilized finite element methods for solving numerically the Poisson--Nernst--Planck equations. The stabilization we consider is carried out by using a shock detector and a discrete graph Laplacian operator for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Jesús Bonilla , Juan Vicente Gutiérrez-Santacreu

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations are fundamental for modeling ion transport in electrochemical systems, capturing the intricate interplay of concentration gradients, electric fields, and ion fluxes essential for applications such…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Yitao He , Dan Zhao

A macroscopic model to describe the dynamics of ion transport in ion channels is the Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP) equations. In this paper, we develop a finite-difference method for solving PNP equations, which is second-order accurate in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-03-18 Allen Flavell , Michael Machen , Bob Eisenberg , Chun Liu , Xiaofan Li

In order to describe the dynamics of crowded ions (charged particles), we use an energetic variation approach to derive a modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system which includes an extra dissipation due to the effective velocity…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-08-01 Chia-Yu Hsieh , YunKyong Hyon , Hijin Lee , Tai-Chia Lin , Chun Liu

In this paper, we construct a semi-implicit finite difference method for the time dependent Poisson-Nernst-Planck system. Although the Poisson-Nernst-Planck system is a nonlinear system, the numerical method presented in this paper only…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-17 Dongdong He , Kejia Pan

An integral equation method is presented for the 1D steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations modeling ion transport through membrane channels. The differential equations are recast as integral equations using Green's 3rd identity…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-11 Zhen Chao , Weihua Geng , Robert Krasny

In this paper, we propose and analyze a second order accurate (in both time and space) numerical scheme for the Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system, which describes the ion electro-diffusion in fluids. In particular, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Yuzhe Qin , Cheng Wang

A finite element discretization using a method of lines approached is proposed for approximately solving the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations. This discretization scheme enforces positivity of the computed solutions, corresponding to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Chun Liu , Maximilian Metti , Jinchao Xu

We have developed efficient numerical algorithms for solving 3D steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations with excess chemical potentials described by the classical density functional theory (cDFT). The coupled PNP equations are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-24 Da Meng , Bin Zheng , Guang Lin , Maria L. Sushko

The non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-01-09 Markus Bier

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system is a standard model for describing ion transport. In many applications, e.g., ions in biological tissues, the presence of thin boundary layers poses both modelling and computational challenges. In a…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-06-22 Zilong Song , Xiulei Cao , Huaxiong Huang

We solve Poisson's equation using new multigrid algorithms that converge rapidly. The novel feature of the 2D and 3D algorithms are the use of extra diagonal grids in the multigrid hierarchy for a much richer and effective communication…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 A. J. Roberts

Effective Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations are derived for macroscopic ion transport in charged porous media under periodic fluid flow by an asymptotic multi-scale expansion with drift. The microscopic setting is a two-component…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 Markus Schmuck , Martin Z. Bazant

This work is about a new two-level solver for Helmholtz equations discretized by finite elements. The method is inspired by two-grid methods for finite-difference Helmholtz problems as well as by previous work on two-level…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Christiaan C. Stolk

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations are one of the most effective model for describing electrostatic interactions and diffusion processes in ion solution systems, and have been widely used in the numerical simulations of biological…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Yang Liu , Shi Shu , Ying Yang

Ion transport, often described by the Poisson--Nernst--Planck (PNP) equations, is ubiquitous in electrochemical devices and many biological processes of significance. In this work, we develop conservative, positivity-preserving, energy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Jie Ding , Zhongming Wang , Shenggao Zhou

In this work we design and analyze a free energy satisfying finite difference method for solving Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations in a bounded domain. The algorithm is of second order in space, with numerical solutions satisfying all three…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Hailiang Liu , Zhongming Wang

The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system is a standard model for describing ion transport. In many applications, e.g., ions in biological tissues, the presence of thin boundary layers poses both modelling and computational challenges. In this…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Zilong Song , Xiulei Cao , Huaxiong Huang
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