Related papers: Surface single-molecule dynamics controlled by ent…
Atoms or pairs of ions picked up by probe tips used in dynamic force microscopy (DFM) can be strongly displaced and even hop discontinuously upon approach to the sample surface. The energy barriers for some of those hops are of the right…
The extension of thermodynamic principles to active matter remains a challenge due to the non-equilibrium nature inherent to active systems. In this study, we introduce a framework to assess entropy in our minimal macroscopic experiment…
Due to particle conservation, Canonical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations fail in the description of surface phase transitions involving coverage or lateral density changes. However, a step on the surface can act effectively as a source…
We investigate experimentally the entropy transfer between two distinguishable atomic quantum gases at ultralow temperatures. Exploiting a species-selective trapping potential, we are able to control the entropy of one target gas in…
Efficiency of a Brownian particle moving along the axis of a three-dimensional asymmetric periodic channel is investigated in the presence of a symmetric unbiased force and a load. Reduction of the spatial dimensionality from two or three…
A transition matrix can be constructed through the partial contraction of two given quantum states. We analyze and compare four different definitions of entropy for transition matrices, including (modified) pseudo entropy, SVD entropy, and…
Thermal activation of dislocations is critical for predicting the mechanical response of materials under common experimental conditions. According to transition state theory (TST), the rate for the system to overcome free energy barriers…
Single molecules are nanoscale thermodynamic systems with few degrees of freedom. Thus, the knowledge of their entropy can reveal the presence of microscopic electron transfer dynamics, that are difficult to observe otherwise. Here, we…
Shrinking spintronic devices to the nanoscale ultimately requires localized control of individual atomic magnetic moments. At these length scales, the exchange interaction plays important roles, such as in the stabilization of…
We study the non-Arrhenius behavior of surface diffusion near the second-order phase transition boundary of an adsorbate layer. In contrast to expectations based on macroscopic thermodynamic effects, we show that this behavior can be…
We explore a new computational strategy for determining the equation of state of the SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. By imposing shifted boundary conditions, the entropy density is computed from the vacuum expectation value of the off-diagonal…
For a single enzyme or molecular motor operating in an aqueous solution of non-equilibrated solute concentrations, a thermodynamic description is developed on the level of an individual trajectory of transitions between states. The concept…
We review the behavior of the entropy per particle in various two-dimensional electronic systems. The entropy per particle is an important characteristic of any many body system that tells how the entropy of the ensemble of electrons…
We explore theoretically the electroluminescence of single molecules. We adopt a local-electrode framework that is appropriate for scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments where electroluminescence originates from individual…
Single atom/molecule manipulation with a scanning-tunneling-microscope (STM) tip is an innovative experimental technique of nanoscience. Using STM-tip as an engineering or analytical tool, artificial atomic-scale structures can be…
We show that in a central nucleus-nucleus collision, the variation of the mean transverse mass with the multiplicity is determined, up to a rescaling, by the variation of the energy over entropy ratio as a function of the entropy density,…
Computing accurate rate constants for catalytic events occurring at the surface of a given material represents a challenging task with multiple potential applications in chemistry. To address this question, we propose an approach based on a…
For surface-mediated processes, such as on-surface synthesis, epitaxial growth and heterogeneous catalysis, a constant slope in the Arrhenius diagram of the corresponding rate of interest against inverse temperature, $\log R$ {\it vs}…
A typical strategy of realizing an adiabatic change of a many-particle system is to vary parameters very slowly on a time scale $t_\text{r}$ much larger than intrinsic equilibration time scales. In the ideal case of adiabatic state…
In this Letter, we investigate how changes in the system entropy influence the characteristic time scale of the system molecular dynamics near the glass transition. Independently of any model of thermodynamic evolution of the time scale,…