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The 'hole argument'(the English translation of German 'Lochbetrachtung') was formulated by Albert Einstein in 1913 in his search for a relativistic theory of gravitation. The hole argument was deemed to be based on a trivial error of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-16 Mihaela D. Iftime

This is an article commissioned by the Spanish Physics Magazine ("Revista Espa\~nola de F\'isica") for the Centennial Anniversary of the discovery of General Relativity. The article reviews experimental and observational efforts to test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-15 Nicolas Yunes

It is a little known fact that while he was developing his theory of general relativity, Einstein's initial idea was a variable speed of light theory. Indeed space-time curvature can be mimicked by a speed of light $c(r)$ that depends on…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Alexander Unzicker , Jan Preuss

A fundamental problem of Einstein's theory of classical general relativity is the existence of singularities such as the big bang. All known laws of physics end at these boundaries of classical space-time. Thanks to recent developments in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-09-07 Parampreet Singh

Einstein's biographer Albrecht F\"olsing explained: Einstein presented his field equations on November 25, 1915, but six days earlier, on November 20, Hilbert had derived the identical field equations for which Einstein had been searching…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-12-12 Galina Weinstein

With his General Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein produced a revolution in our conception of reality and of the knowledge we can obtain from it. This revolution can be viewed from philosophy as leading to one of the great paradigms in…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-31 Olimpia Lombardi

The main purpose of the present paper is to show that a correction of one mistake was crucial for Einstein's pathway to the first version of the 1915 general theory of relativity, but also might have played a role in obtaining the final…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-10-11 Galina Weinstein

Lot of avenues, the black hole, the wormhole, the dark matter, the dark energy etc. have been opened since the advent of General Theory of Relativity in 1915. Cosmology, the physics of creation and evolution of the universe, which was once…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-18 Abhik Kumar Sanyal

The historical and conceptual foundations of General Relativity are revisited, putting the main focus on the physical meaning of the invariant ds, the Equivalence Principle, and the precise interpretation of spacetime geometry. It is argued…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Jaume de Haro , Emilio Elizalde

Long before the general theory of relativity was finally formulated in 1916, arguments based entirely on Einstein's equivalence principle predicted the well known phenomenon of the gravitational red shift. Precisely the same arguments are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-08 Petros S. Florides

Einstein presented the Hole Argument against General Covariance, understood as invariance with respect to a change of coordinates, as a consequence of his initial failure to obtain covariant equations that, in the weak static limit, contain…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-02-13 Jaume de Haro

Translation by S. Antoci and A. Loinger of the fundamental memoir, that contains the ORIGINAL form of the solution of Schwarzschild's problem. The solution is regular in the whole space-time, with the only exception of the origin of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Schwarzschild

For nearly a century, Einstein's theory of gravity has been the standard theory for describing gravitational phenomena in our universe. Along with its successes, limitations of the theory from theoretical (e.g., singularities) and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-10 Sourabh Nampalliwar

A historical account of Einstein's 'Fernparallelismus' approach towards a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism is given. In this theory, a space-time characterized by a curvature-free connection in conjunction with a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tilman Sauer

Einstein's contribution to relativity is reviewed. It is pointed out that Weyl gave first unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism and it was different than the five dimensional theory of Kaluza. Einstein began his work on…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-06 S C Tiwari

Albert Einstein's General Relativity (GR) from 1916 has become the widely accepted theory of gravity and been tested observationally to a very high precision at different scales of energy and distance. At the same time, there still remain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-09 L. Buoninfante

General Relativity theory is reviewed following the vierbein field theory approach proposed in 1928 by Einstein. It is based on the vierbein field taken as the "square root" of the metric tensor field. Einstein's vierbein theory is a gauge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-13 Jeffrey Yepez

The astrophysics of compact objects, which requires Einstein's theory of general relativity for understanding phenomena such as black holes and neutron stars, is attracting increasing attention. In general relativity, gravity is governed by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Edward Seidel , Wai-Mo Suen

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun
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