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Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) is a popular method for analyzing neuroimaging and behavioral data. Here we evaluate the accuracy and reliability of RSA in the context of model selection, and compare it to that of regression.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Chuanji Gao , Gang Chen , Svetlana V. Shinkareva , Rutvik H. Desai

Both classical and respectively quantum observables can be modeled as somewhat similar examples of random variables. In such a model the associated measurements preserve the values spectrum of an observable but change the corresponding…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-03-20 S. Dumitru , A. Boer

We consider robust low rank matrix estimation as a trace regression when outputs are contaminated by adversaries. The adversaries are allowed to add arbitrary values to arbitrary outputs. Such values can depend on any samples. We deal with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-27 Takeyuki Sasai , Hironori Fujisawa

A key challenge in probabilistic regression is ensuring that predictive distributions accurately reflect true empirical uncertainty. Minimizing overall prediction error often encourages models to prioritize informativeness over calibration,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Ádám Jung , Domokos M. Kelen , András A. Benczúr

Mathematical models of the real world are simplified representations of complex systems. A caveat to using mathematical models is that predicted causal effects and conditional independences may not be robust under model extensions, limiting…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-30 Tineke Blom , Joris M. Mooij

We use a decision-theoretic framework to study the problem of forecasting discrete outcomes when the forecaster is unable to discriminate among a set of plausible forecast distributions because of partial identification or concerns about…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-12-18 Timothy Christensen , Hyungsik Roger Moon , Frank Schorfheide

Semiparametric forecasting and filtering are introduced as a method of addressing model errors arising from unresolved physical phenomena. While traditional parametric models are able to learn high-dimensional systems from small data sets,…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-02-17 Tyrus Berry , John Harlim

Presenting a predictive model's performance is a communication bottleneck that threatens collaborations between data scientists and subject matter experts. Accuracy and error metrics alone fail to tell the whole story of a model - its…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Ashley Suh , Gabriel Appleby , Erik W. Anderson , Luca Finelli , Remco Chang , Dylan Cashman

This paper tackles the problem of robust covariance matrix estimation when the data is incomplete. Classical statistical estimation methodologies are usually built upon the Gaussian assumption, whereas existing robust estimation ones assume…

While there is a rich literature on robust methodologies for contamination in continuously distributed data, contamination in categorical data is largely overlooked. This is regrettable because many datasets are categorical and oftentimes…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-13 Max Welz

The miscalibration of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) undermines their reliability in high-stakes domains, necessitating methods to accurately estimate the confidence of their long-form, multi-step outputs. To address this gap, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Reza Khanmohammadi , Erfan Miahi , Simerjot Kaur , Ivan Brugere , Charese H. Smiley , Kundan Thind , Mohammad M. Ghassemi

Robust methods, though ubiquitous in practice, are yet to be fully understood in the context of regularized estimation and high dimensions. Even simple questions become challenging very quickly. For example, classical statistical theory…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-10 Jing Zhou , Gerda Claeskens , Jelena Bradic

Linear regression is arguably the most widely used statistical method. With fixed regressors and correlated errors, the conventional wisdom is to modify the variance-covariance estimator to accommodate the known correlation structure of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Zifeng Zhang , Peng Ding , Wen Zhou , Haonan Wang

Bias is a common problem inherent in recommender systems, which is entangled with users' preferences and poses a great challenge to unbiased learning. For debiasing tasks, the doubly robust (DR) method and its variants show superior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Haoxuan Li , Yan Lyu , Chunyuan Zheng , Peng Wu

Empirical research typically involves a robustness-efficiency tradeoff. A researcher seeking to estimate a scalar parameter can invoke strong assumptions to motivate a restricted estimator that is precise but may be heavily biased, or they…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-17 Timothy B. Armstrong , Patrick Kline , Liyang Sun

Successful deep learning models often involve training neural network architectures that contain more parameters than the number of training samples. Such overparametrized models have been extensively studied in recent years, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Hamed Hassani , Adel Javanmard

A necessary characteristic for the deployment of deep learning models in real world applications is resistance to small adversarial perturbations while maintaining accuracy on non-malicious inputs. While robust training provides models that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-27 Aditya Saligrama , Guillaume Leclerc

A regression model with more parameters than data points in the training data is overparametrized and has the capability to interpolate the training data. Based on the classical bias-variance tradeoff expressions, it is commonly assumed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Tomas McKelvey

Machine learning models are vulnerable to tiny adversarial input perturbations optimized to cause a very large output error. To measure this vulnerability, we need reliable methods that can find such adversarial perturbations. For image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Levente Halmosi , Bálint Mohos , Márk Jelasity

Obtaining deep networks that are robust against adversarial examples and generalize well is an open problem. A recent hypothesis even states that both robust and accurate models are impossible, i.e., adversarial robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 David Stutz , Matthias Hein , Bernt Schiele