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Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are promising candidates for topologically-protected quantum computing hardware, however their large-scale use will likely require quantum error correction. Majorana surface codes (MSCs) have been proposed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Campbell McLauchlan , Benjamin Béri

Topological quantum computing promises intrinsic fault tolerance by encoding quantum information in non-Abelian anyons, where quantum gates are implemented via braiding. While braiding operations are robust against local perturbations, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Themba Hodge , Philipp Frey , Stephan Rachel

This is a tutorial review of methods to braid the world lines of non-Abelian anyons (Majorana zero-modes) in topological superconductors. That "Holy Grail" of topological quantum information processing has not yet been reached in the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-06 C. W. J. Beenakker

We construct a minimal circuit, based on the top-transmon design, to rotate a qubit formed out of four Majorana zero-modes at the edge of a two-dimensional topological insulator. Unlike braiding operations, generic rotations have no…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 B. van Heck , T. Hyart , C. W. J. Beenakker

We study the low-energy physics of a one-dimensional array of superconducting quantum dots realized by proximity coupling a semiconductor nanowire to multiple superconducting islands separated by narrow uncovered regions. The effective…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-21 John P. T. Stenger , Benjamin D. Woods , Sergey M. Frolov , Tudor D. Stanescu

In one-dimensional topological superconductors driven periodically with the frequency $\omega$, two types of topological edge modes may appear, the well-known Majorana zero mode and a Floquet Majorana mode located at the quasi-energy $\hbar…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-11 Anne Matthies , Jinhong Park , Erez Berg , Achim Rosch

Exchanging the positions of two non-Abelian anyons transforms between many-body wavefunctions within a degenerate ground-state manifold. This behavior is fundamentally distinct from fermions, bosons and Abelian anyons. Recently, quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Sebastian Miles , Francesco Zatelli , A. Mert Bozkurt , Michael Wimmer , Chun-Xiao Liu

The quantum spin Hall edge is predicted to reliably produce Majorana zero modes on the border between magnetic insulator- and superconductor-proximitized regions of the edge. The direction of magnetization determines the size of the induced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Dmitry I. Pikulin

We propose a versatile platform to investigate the existence of Majorana bound states (MBSs) and their non-Abelian statistics through braiding. This implementation combines a two-dimensional electron gas formed in a semiconductor quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-25 Geoffrey L. Fatin , Alex Matos-Abiague , Benedikt Scharf , Igor Žutić

Majorana zero modes, the elementary building blocks for the quantum bits of topological quantum computers, are known to suffer from hybridization as their wavefunctions begin to overlap. This breaks the ground state degeneracy, splitting…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Cole Peeters , Themba Hodge , Stephan Rachel

Topological Quantum Computing has largely evolved towards a paradigm of manipulating edge localized Majorana within $p$-wave topological superconducting nanowires. To bridge the gap between physical qubit systems and quantum algorithms, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Adrian D. Scheppe , Michael V. Pak

We extend the topological quantum computation scheme using the Pfaffian quantum Hall state, which has been recently proposed by Das Sarma et al., in a way that might potentially allow for the topologically protected construction of a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lachezar S. Georgiev

Topological quantum computation based on anyons is a promising approach to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computing. The Majorana zero modes in the Kitaev chain are an example of non-Abelian anyons where braiding operations can be used to…

Abrikosov vortices in Fe-based superconductors are a promising platform for hosting Majorana zero modes. Their adiabatic exchange is a key ingredient for Majorana-based quantum computing. However, the adiabatic braiding process can not be…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-05-27 Thore Posske , Ching-Kai Chiu , Michael Thorwart

Majorana fermions are long-sought exotic particles that are their own antiparticles. Here we propose to utilize superconducting circuits to construct two superconducting-qubit arrays where Majorana modes can occur. A so-called Majorana…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-09-23 J. Q. You , Z. D. Wang , Wenxian Zhang , Franco Nori

The idea of topological quantum computation is to build powerful and robust quantum computers with certain macroscopic quantum states of matter called topologically ordered states. These systems have degenerate ground states that can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-25 Maissam Barkeshli , Xiao-Liang Qi

In a topological quantum computer, universality is achieved by braiding and quantum information is natively protected from small local errors. We address the problem of compiling single-qubit quantum operations into braid representations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Alex Bocharov , Krysta M. Svore

We analyse the control of Majorana zero-energy states by mapping the fermionic system onto a chain of Ising spins. Although the topological protection is lost for the Ising system, the mapping provides additional insight into the nature of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Stefan Backens , Alexander Shnirman , Yuriy Makhlin , Yuval Gefen , Johan E. Mooij , Gerd Schön

Andreev bound states in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor devices can have near-zero energy in the topologically trivial regime as long as the confinement potential is sufficiently smooth. These quasi-Majorana states show zero-bias…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 A. Vuik , B. Nijholt , A. R. Akhmerov , M. Wimmer

Majorana zero modes are localized quasiparticles that obey non-Abelian exchange statistics. Braiding Majorana zero modes forms the basis of topologically protected quantum operations which could in principle significantly reduce qubit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Hao Zhang , Dong E. Liu , Michael Wimmer , Leo P. Kouwenhoven
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