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Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly pushing the limits of contemporary computing hardware. For example, training GPT-3 has been estimated to consume around 1300 MWh of electricity, and projections suggest future models may require…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Renjie Li , Wenjie Wei , Qi Xin , Xiaoli Liu , Sixuan Mao , Erik Ma , Zijian Chen , Malu Zhang , Haizhou Li , Zhaoyu Zhang

Quantum machine learning algorithms are expected to play a pivotal role in quantum chemistry simulations in the immediate future. One such key application is the training of a quantum neural network to learn the potential energy surface and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Gabriele Lo Monaco , Marco Bertini , Salvatore Lorenzo , G. Massimo Palma

The ALICE experiment has undergone a major upgrade for LHC Run 3 and will collect data at an interaction rate 50 times larger than before. The new computing scheme for Run 3 replaces the traditionally separate online and offline frameworks…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-08-17 David Rohr

Realizing the full potential of quantum computing requires large-scale quantum computers capable of running quantum error correction (QEC) to mitigate hardware errors and maintain quantum data coherence. While quantum computers operate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Chaithanya Naik Mude , Satvik Maurya , Benjamin Lienhard , Swamit Tannu

We report on the successful completion of a 2 trillion particle cosmological simulation to z=0 run on the Piz Daint supercomputer (CSCS, Switzerland), using 4000+ GPU nodes for a little less than 80h of wall-clock time or 350,000 node…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-29 Douglas Potter , Joachim Stadel , Romain Teyssier

Point cloud upsampling is vital for the quality of the mesh in three-dimensional reconstruction. Recent research on point cloud upsampling has achieved great success due to the development of deep learning. However, the existing methods…

Graphics · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Shuquan Ye , Dongdong Chen , Songfang Han , Ziyu Wan , Jing Liao

To ensure a long-term quantum computational advantage, the quantum hardware should be upgraded to withstand the competition of continuously improved classical algorithms and hardwares. Here, we demonstrate a superconducting quantum…

In this paper, we describe a compact low-power, high performance hardware implementation of the extreme learning machine (ELM) for machine learning applications. Mismatch in current mirrors are used to perform the vector-matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Enyi Yao , Arindam Basu

While the computing landscape supporting LHC experiments is currently dominated by x86 processors at WLCG sites, this configuration will evolve in the coming years. LHC collaborations will be increasingly employing HPC and Cloud facilities…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Antonio Perez-Calero Yzquierdo , Marco Mascheroni , Edita Kizinevic , Farrukh Aftab Khan , Hyunwoo Kim , Maria Acosta Flechas , Nikos Tsipinakis , Saqib Haleem

Hardware accelerators such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), Intel Xeon Phi co-processors (PHIs), and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are now ubiquitous in extreme-scale high performance computing (HPC), cloud, and Big data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Daniel Hanlon , Hamidreza Khalighzadeh , Ravi Reddy Manumachu , Alexey Lastovetsky

N-body simulations are essential tools in physical cosmology to understand the large-scale structure (LSS) formation of the Universe. Large-scale simulations with high resolution are important for exploring the substructure of universe and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-22 Shenggan Cheng , Hao-Ran Yu , Derek Inman , Qiucheng Liao , Qiaoya Wu , James Lin

Supercomputers become faster as hardware and software technologies continue to evolve. Current supercomputers are capable of 1015 floating point operations per second (FLOPS) that called Petascale system. The High Performance Computer (HPC)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Jalal Abdulbaqi

As the performance gains from accelerating quantized matrix multiplication plateau, the softmax operation becomes the critical bottleneck in Transformer inference. This bottleneck stems from two hardware limitations: (1) limited data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zisheng Ye , Xiaoyu He , Maoyuan Song , Guoliang Qiu , Chao Liao , Chen Wu , Yonggang Sun , Zhichun Li , Xiaoru Xie , Yuanyong Luo , Hu Liu , Pinyan Lu , Heng Liao

Realistic simulations in engineering or in the materials sciences can consume enormous computing resources and thus require the use of massively parallel supercomputers. The probability of a failure increases both with the runtime and with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Nils Kohl , Johannes Hötzer , Florian Schornbaum , Martin Bauer , Christian Godenschwager , Harald Köstler , Britta Nestler , Ulrich Rüde

A major LHCb detector upgrade will be installed during long shutdown~4 (LS4) of the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The experiment will operate at a maximum luminosity of up to $1.5\times 10^{34}\mathrm{cm}^{-2}\mathrm{s}^{-1}$, with acceptance…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-04-07 LHCb collaboration

Reactive molecular dynamics simulations are computationally demanding. Reaching spatial and temporal scales where interesting scientific phenomena can be observed requires efficient and scalable implementations on modern hardware. In this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-06-26 Hasan Metin Aktulga , Christopher Knight , Paul Coffman , Kurt A. O'Hearn , Tzu-Ray Shan , Wei Jiang

MESA (Mainz Energy recovery Superconducting Accelerator) is an energy recovery linac (ERL) which is under construction at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz. It will be operated in external beam (EB) mode with 150 $\mu$A electron beam…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 S. Glukhov , O. Boine-Frankenheim , C. Stoll , F. Hug

In the upcoming upgrades for Run 3 and 4, the LHC will significantly increase Pb--Pb and pp interaction rates. This goes along with upgrades of all experiments, ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb, related to both the detectors and the computing.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-11-29 David Rohr

Light-matter dynamics in topological quantum materials enables ultralow-power, ultrafast devices. A challenge is simulating multiple field and particle equations for light, electrons, and atoms over vast spatiotemporal scales on Exaflop/s…

Large LAr TPCs are among the most powerful detectors to address open problems in particle and astro-particle physics, such as CP violation in leptonic sector, neutrino properties and their astrophysical implications, proton decay search…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-08-06 C. Girerd , D. Autiero , B. Carlus , S. Gardien , J. Marteau , W. Tromeur