Related papers: The large sum graph related to comultiplication mo…

In this paper, a function on any pair of graphs is defined whose properties are similar to the properties of dot product in vector space. This function enables us to define graph orthogonality and, also, a new metric on isomorphism classes…

This paper studies the co-maximal graph $\Om(R)$, the induced subgraph $\G(R)$ of $\Om(R)$ whose vertex set is $R\setminus (U(R)\cup J(R))$ and a retract $\G_r(R)$ of $\G(R)$, where $R$ is a commutative ring. We show that the core of…

In this paper we consider a distance-regular graph $\Gamma$. Fix a vertex $x$ of $\Gamma$ and consider the corresponding subconstituent algebra $T$. The algebra $T$ is the $\mathbb{C}$-algebra generated by the Bose-Mesner algebra $M$ of…

In this paper, we associate a new topology to a nonzero unital module $M$ over a commutative $R$, which is called Golomb topology of the $R$-module $M$. Let $M\ $be an\ $R$-module and $B_{M}$ be the family of coprime cosets $\{m+N\}$ where…

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. A prime submodule P of an R-module M is called coprimely structured if, whenever P is coprime to each element of an arbitrary family of submodules of M, the intersection of the family is not…

The parameter $\sigma(G)$ of a graph $G$ stands for the number of Laplacian eigenvalues greater than or equal to the average degree of $G$. In this work, we address the problem of characterizing those graphs $G$ having $\sigma(G)=1$. Our…

The subspace sum graph $\mathcal{G}(\mathbb{V})$ on a finite dimensional vector space $\mathbb{V}$ was introduced by Das [Subspace Sum Graph of a Vector Space, arXiv:1702.08245], recently. The vertex set of $\mathcal{G}(\mathbb{V})$…

The goal of graph summarization is to represent large graphs in a structured and compact way. A graph summary based on equivalence classes preserves pre-defined features of a graph's vertex within a $k$-hop neighborhood such as the vertex…

A graph $G$ is a {\em chordal-$k$-generalized split graph} if $G$ is chordal and there is a clique $Q$ in $G$ such that every connected component in $G[V \setminus Q]$ has at most $k$ vertices. Thus, chordal-$1$-generalized split graphs are…

If $G$ is a graph and $X\subseteq V(G)$, then $X$ is a total mutual-visibility set if every pair of vertices $x$ and $y$ of $G$ admits a shortest $x,y$-path $P$ with $V(P) \cap X \subseteq \{x,y\}$. The cardinality of a largest total…

A set $S$ of vertices in a graph $G(V,E)$ is called a dominating set if every vertex $v\in V$ is either an element of $S$ or is adjacent to an element of $S$. A set $S$ of vertices in a graph $G(V,E)$ is called a total dominating set if…

The monography examines the problem of constructing a group of automorphisms of a graph. A graph automorphism is a mapping of a set of vertices onto itself that preserves adjacency. The set of such automorphisms forms a vertex group of a…

Let $\Gamma=\Gamma(A)$ denote a simple strongly connected digraph with vertex set $X$, diameter $D$, and let $\{A_0,A:=A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_D\}$ denote the set of distance-$i$ matrices of $\Gamma$. Let $\{R_i\}_{i=0}^D$ denote a partition of…

Given a simple graph $A$ on a group $G$ and an equivalence relation $B$ on $G$, the $B$ super $A$ graph is defined as a simple graph, whose vertex set is $G$ and two vertices $g$, $h$ are adjacent if either they are in the same equivalence…

The inclusion ideal graph of a commutative unitary ring $R$ is the (undirected) graph $In(R)$ whose vertices all non-trivial ideals of $R$ and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if one of them is a proper subset of the other…

We extend the concept of the law of a finite graph to graphings, which are, in general, infinite graphs whose vertices are equipped with the structure of a probability space. By doing this, we obtain a vast array of new unimodular measures.…

Let $G$ be a non-Engel group and let $L(G)$ be the set of all left Engel elements of $G$. Associate with $G$ a graph $\mathcal{E}_G$ as follows: Take $G\backslash L(G)$ as vertices of $\mathcal{E}_G$ and join two distinct vertices $x$ and…

For a finite group $G$ the co-prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ is defined as a graph with vertex set $G$ in which two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $gcd(o(x),o(y))=1$ where $o(x)$ and $o(y)$ denote the orders of the…

The modular decomposition of a graph $G$ is a natural construction to capture key features of $G$ in terms of a labeled tree $(T,t)$ whose vertices are labeled as "series" ($1$), "parallel" ($0$) or "prime". However, full information of $G$…

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and ${\rm Nil}(R)$ be the set of nilpotent elements of $R$. The nil-graph of ideals of $R$ is defined as the graph $\mathbb{AG}_N(R)$ whose vertex set is $\{I:\ (0)\neq I\lhd R$ and there exists a…