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The goal of anomaly detection is to identify observations that are generated by a distribution that differs from the reference distribution that qualifies normal behavior. When examining a time series, the reference distribution may evolve…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-23 Etienne Krönert , Dalila Hattab , Alain Celisse

Machine learning has achieved state-of-the-art results in network intrusion detection; however, its performance significantly degrades when confronted by a new attack class -- a zero-day attack. In simple terms, classical machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jack Wilkie , Hanan Hindy , Craig Michie , Christos Tachtatzis , James Irvine , Robert Atkinson

Most of today's security solutions, such as security information and event management (SIEM) and signature based IDS, require the operator to evaluate potential attack vectors and update detection signatures and rules in a timely manner.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Markus Wurzenberger , Florian Skopik , Roman Fiedler , Wolfgang Kastner

We present a new approach to assessing the robustness of neural networks based on estimating the proportion of inputs for which a property is violated. Specifically, we estimate the probability of the event that the property is violated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-25 Stefan Webb , Tom Rainforth , Yee Whye Teh , M. Pawan Kumar

This paper presents a general stochastic model developed for a class of cooperative wireless relay networks, in which imperfect knowledge of the channel state information at the destination node is assumed. The framework incorporates…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-19 Gareth W. Peters , Ido Nevat , Scott A. Sisson , Yanan Fan , Jinhong Yuan

This article provides a thorough meta-analysis of the anomaly detection problem. To accomplish this we first identify approaches to benchmarking anomaly detection algorithms across the literature and produce a large corpus of anomaly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-29 Andrew Emmott , Shubhomoy Das , Thomas Dietterich , Alan Fern , Weng-Keen Wong

Digitalization in the medical world provides major benefits while making it a target for attackers and thus hard to secure. To deal with network intruders we propose an anomaly detection system on hardware to detect malicious clients in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Florian Rokohl , Alexander Lehnert , Marc Reichenbach

With the rapid technological advancements, organizations need to rapidly scale up their information technology (IT) infrastructure viz. hardware, software, and services, at a low cost. However, the dynamic growth in the network services and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Mahmoud Said Elsayed , Nhien-An Le-Khac , Soumyabrata Dev , Anca Delia Jurcut

Until two decades ago, industrial networks were deemed secure due to physical separation from public networks. An abundance of successful attacks proved that assumption wrong. Intrusion detection solutions for industrial application need to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Simon D. Duque Anton , Daniel Fraunholz , Hans Dieter Schotten

Machine learning offers potential solutions to current issues in industrial systems in areas such as quality control and predictive maintenance, but also faces unique barriers in industrial applications. An ongoing challenge is extreme…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Lesley Wheat , Martin v. Mohrenschildt , Saeid Habibi

Intrusion Detection is an invaluable part of computer networks defense. An important consideration is the fact that raising false alarms carries a significantly lower cost than not detecting at- tacks. For this reason, we examine how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2008-07-15 Aikaterini Mitrokotsa , Christos Dimitrakakis , Christos Douligeris

Reliably detecting anomalies in a given set of images is a task of high practical relevance for visual quality inspection, surveillance, or medical image analysis. Autoencoder neural networks learn to reconstruct normal images, and hence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Laura Beggel , Michael Pfeiffer , Bernd Bischl

This paper proposes a data-efficient detection method for deep neural networks against backdoor attacks under a black-box scenario. The proposed approach is motivated by the intuition that features corresponding to triggers have a higher…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Hao Fu , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Siddharth Garg , Farshad Khorrami

Adversarial examples are considered a serious issue for safety critical applications of AI, such as finance, autonomous vehicle control and medicinal applications. Though significant work has resulted in increased robustness of systems to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-08 Andrey Malinin , Mark Gales

Analysing malware is important to understand how malicious software works and to develop appropriate detection and prevention methods. Dynamic analysis can overcome evasion techniques commonly used to bypass static analysis and provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Baskoro Adi Pratomo , Toby Jackson , Pete Burnap , Andrew Hood , Eirini Anthi

In general, anomaly detection is the problem of distinguishing between normal data samples with well defined patterns or signatures and those that do not conform to the expected profiles. Financial transactions, customer reviews, social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Paul Irofti , Andrei Patrascu , Andra Baltoiu

In this paper, we present an adaptive framework designed for the continuous detection, identification and classification of emerging attacks in network traffic. The framework employs a transformer encoder architecture, which captures hidden…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Frederic Adjewa , Moez Esseghir , Leila Merghem-Boulahia

In successful enterprise attacks, adversaries often need to gain access to additional machines beyond their initial point of compromise, a set of internal movements known as lateral movement. We present Hopper, a system for detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Grant Ho , Mayank Dhiman , Devdatta Akhawe , Vern Paxson , Stefan Savage , Geoffrey M. Voelker , David Wagner

Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to Internet users, with cybercriminals elaborately replicating the visual appearance of legitimate websites to deceive victims. Visual similarity-based detection systems have emerged as an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Fujiao Ji , Kiho Lee , Hyungjoon Koo , Wenhao You , Euijin Choo , Hyoungshick Kim , Doowon Kim

Early detection of network intrusions and cyber threats is one of the main pillars of cybersecurity. One of the most effective approaches for this purpose is to analyze network traffic with the help of artificial intelligence algorithms,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Giacomo Zonneveld , Lorenzo Principi , Marco Baldi