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Related papers: Separating Components of Attention and Surprise

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Human translators linger on some words and phrases more than others, and predicting this variation is a step towards explaining the underlying cognitive processes. Using data from the CRITT Translation Process Research Database, we evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Zheng Wei Lim , Ekaterina Vylomova , Charles Kemp , Trevor Cohn

Neuronal responses are conspicuously variable. We focus on one particular aspect of that variability: the precision of action potential timing. We show that for common models of noisy spike generation, elementary considerations imply that…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Guillermo A. Cecchi , Mariano Sigman , Jose-Manuel Alonso , Luis Martinez , Dante R. Chialvo , Marcelo O. Magnasco

The attentional blink (AB) effect is the reduced ability of subjects to report a second target stimuli (T2) among a rapidly presented series of non-target stimuli, when it appears within a time window of about 200-500 ms after a first…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-28 Nadav Amir , Israel Nelken , Naftali Tishby

Diffusion models, while increasingly adept at generating realistic images, are notably hindered by hallucinations -- unrealistic or incorrect features inconsistent with the trained data distribution. In this work, we propose Adaptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Trevine Oorloff , Yaser Yacoob , Abhinav Shrivastava

The picture-word interference paradigm (participants name target pictures while ignoring distractor words) is often used to model the planning processes involved in word production. The participants' naming times are delayed in the presence…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-17 Audrey Bürki , Sylvain Madec

Attention is a complex and broad concept, studied across multiple disciplines spanning artificial intelligence, cognitive science, psychology, neuroscience, and related fields. Although many of the ideas regarding attention do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Shriraj P. Sawant , Shruti Singh

We investigate attention as the active pursuit of useful information. This contrasts with attention as a mechanism for the attenuation of irrelevant information. We also consider the role of short-term memory, whose use is critical to any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-02 Philip Bachman , David Krueger , Doina Precup

While imaging-genetics holds great promise for unraveling the complex interplay between brain structure and genetic variation in neurological disorders, traditional methods are limited to simplistic linear models or to black-box techniques…

An attention matrix of a transformer self-attention sublayer can provably be decomposed into two components and only one of them (effective attention) contributes to the model output. This leads us to ask whether visualizing effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Kaiser Sun , Ana Marasović

Vibration is an efficient way of conveying information from a device to its user, and it is increasingly used for wrist or finger-worn devices such as smart rings. Unexpected vibrations or sounds from the environment may disrupt the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Christopher L. Asplund , Takashi Obana , Parag Bhatnagar , Xun Quan Koh , Simon T. Perrault

Being attentive to task-relevant features can improve task performance, but paying attention comes with its own metabolic cost. Therefore, strategic allocation of attention is crucial in performing the task efficiently. This work aims to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-30 Lokesh Boominathan , Yizhou Chen , Matthew McGinley , Xaq Pitkow

The Mixup method has proven to be a powerful data augmentation technique in Computer Vision, with many successors that perform image mixing in a guided manner. One of the interesting research directions is transferring the underlying Mixup…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Dominik Lewy , Jacek Mańdziuk

Even during fixation the human eye is constantly in low amplitude motion, jittering over small angles in random directions at up to 100Hz. This motion results in all features of the image on the retina constantly traversing a number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 David W Arathorn , Josephine C. D'Angelo , Austin Roorda

Neural Processes (NPs) (Garnelo et al 2018a;b) approach regression by learning to map a context set of observed input-output pairs to a distribution over regression functions. Each function models the distribution of the output given an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Hyunjik Kim , Andriy Mnih , Jonathan Schwarz , Marta Garnelo , Ali Eslami , Dan Rosenbaum , Oriol Vinyals , Yee Whye Teh

Attention layers are the core component of transformers, the current state-of-the-art neural network architecture. Alternatives to softmax-based attention are being explored due to its tendency to hinder effective information flow. Even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Thiziri Nait Saada , Alireza Naderi , Jared Tanner

The Expanding Hole Illusion is a compelling visual phenomenon in which a static, concentric pattern evokes a strong perception of continuous forward motion. Despite its simplicity, this illusion challenges our understanding of how the brain…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-16 Nasim Nematzadeh , David M. W. Powers

Decomposing knowledge into interchangeable pieces promises a generalization advantage when there are changes in distribution. A learning agent interacting with its environment is likely to be faced with situations requiring novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Kanika Madan , Nan Rosemary Ke , Anirudh Goyal , Bernhard Schölkopf , Yoshua Bengio

Object-based attention is a key component of the visual system, relevant for perception, learning, and memory. Neurons tuned to features of attended objects tend to be more active than those associated with non-attended objects. There is a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-09 Jordan Lei , Ari S. Benjamin , Konrad P. Kording

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is highly prevalent and requires clinical specialists to diagnose. It is known that an individual's viewing behavior, reflected in their eye movements, is…

Understanding neural networks is becoming increasingly important. Over the last few years different types of visualisation and explanation methods have been proposed. However, none of them explicitly considered the behaviour in the presence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-23 Pieter-Jan Kindermans , Kristof Schütt , Klaus-Robert Müller , Sven Dähne