Related papers: A remark on the word length in surface groups
We realize the Apollonian group associated to an integral Apollonian circle packings, and some of its generalizations, as a group of automorphisms of an algebraic surface. Borrowing some results in the theory of orbit counting, we study the…
In this paper we are concerned with the conjecture that, for any set of generators S of the symmetric group of degree n, the word length in terms of S of every permutation is bounded above by a polynomial of n. We prove this conjecture for…
We show that a pseudo-Anosov map constructed as a product of the large power of Dehn twists of two filling curves always has a geodesic axis on the curve graph of the surface. We also obtain estimates of the stable translation length of a…
We compute the invariant subspace of the rational group ring of a surface, truncated by powers of the augmentation ideal, under the action of the mapping class group. The surface is compact, oriented with one boundary component. This…
We construct sequences of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes whose dilatations behave asymptotically like the inverse of the Euler characteristic of the surface they are defined on. These sequences are used to show that if the genus, g, and…
The paper counts the number of reduced quasigroup words of a particular length in a certain number of generators. Taking account of the relationship with the Catalan numbers, counting words in a free magma, we introduce the term…
We investigate the possible values for geometric genera of subvarieties in a smooth projective variety. Values which are not attained are called gaps. For curves on a very general surface in $\mathbb{P}^3$, the initial gap interval was…
The palindromic length of a finite word $w$ is defined as the minimal number of palindromes such that their product is $w$. Clearly, this function may take different values depending on if we consider $w$ as an element a free semigroup or…
We completely classify the orientable infinite-type surfaces $S$ such that $\operatorname{PMap}(S)$, the pure mapping class group, has automatic continuity. This classification includes surfaces with noncompact boundary. In the case of…
The inverse relationship between the length of a word and the frequency of its use, first identified by G.K. Zipf in 1935, is a classic empirical law that holds across a wide range of human languages. We demonstrate that length is one…
Let $(\Sigma, g)$ be a closed, oriented, negatively curved surface, and fix pairwise disjoint simple closed geodesics $\gamma_{\star,1}, \dots \gamma_{\star, r}$. We give an asymptotic growth as $L \to +\infty$ of the number of primitive…
A (smooth) embedding of a closed curve on the plane with finitely many intersections is said to be generic if each point of self-intersection is crossed exactly twice and at non-tangent angles. A finite word $\omega$ where each character…
For an element in $BS(1,n) = \langle t,a | tat^{-1} = a^n \rangle$ written in the normal form $t^{-u}a^vt^w$ with $u,w \geq 0$ and $v \in \mathbb{Z}$, we exhibit a geodesic word representing the element and give a formula for its word…
We explore inflectional morphology as an example of the relationship of the discrete and the continuous in linguistics. The grammar requests a form of a lexeme by specifying a set of feature values, which corresponds to a corner M of a…
In a previous paper, we described the set of words that appear in the coding of smooth (resp. analytic) curves at arbitrary small scale. The aim of this paper is to compute the complexity of those languages.
The full automorphism group of a certain elementary abelian $p$-cover of the Hermitian curve in characteristic $p>0$ is determined. It is remarkable that the order of Sylow $p$-groups of the automorphism group is close to Nakajima's bound…
In the present paper we study two sequences of real numbers associated to a symplectic diffeomorphism: the uniform norm of the differential of its n-th iteration and the word length of its n-th iteration. In the latter case we assume that…
We consider certain correspondences on a Riemann surface, and show that they admit a weak form of hyperbolicity: sufficiently long loops get shorter under lifting at a fixed point and closing. In terms of their algebraic encoding by bisets,…
We construct the infinite sequence of invariants for curves in surfaces by using word theory that V. Turaev introduced. For plane closed curves, we add some extra terms, e.g. the rotation number. From these modified invariants, we get the…
The notion of the truncated Euler characteristic for Iwasawa modules is an extension of the notion of the usual Euler characteristic to the case when the homology groups are not finite. This article explores congruence relations between the…