Related papers: On Particles and Primes

Let k be a field of characteristic zero. We consider graded subalgebras A of k[x_1,...,x_m]/(x_1^2,...,x_m^2) generated by d linearly independant linear forms. Representations of matroids over k provide a natural description of the…

We determine the number and distribution of the fermion states in the standard model based on the possible fermion representations of the gauge bosons. By extracting the even parity scalars from the fermion states we suggest the existence…

We define an extension of parity from the integers to the rational numbers. Three parity classes are found -- even, odd and `none'. Using the 2-adic valuation, we partition the rationals into subgroups with a rich algebraic structure. The…

We pose 100 new conjectures on representations involving primes or related things, which might interest number theorists and stimulate further research. Below are five typical examples: (i) For any positive integer $n$, there exists…

P-algebras are a non-commutative, non-associative generalization of Boolean algebras that are for quantum logic what Boolean algebras are for classical logic. P-algebras have type <X, 0, ', .> where 0 is a constant, ' is unary and . is…

A code algebra $A_C$ is a non-associative commutative algebra defined via a binary linear code $C$. We study certain idempotents in code algebras, which we call small idempotents, that are determined by a single non-zero codeword. For a…

Let $G$ be a finite group, let $\pi(G)$ be the set of prime divisors of $|G|$ and let $\Gamma(G)$ be the prime graph of $G$. This graph has vertex set $\pi(G)$, and two vertices $r$ and $s$ are adjacent if and only if $G$ contains an…

We revisit the results on admissible transformations between normal linear systems of second-order ordinary differential equations with an arbitrary number of dependent variables under several appropriate gauges of the arbitrary elements…

In grand unified theories with gauge groups larger than SU(5), the multiplets that contain the known quarks and leptons also contain fermions that are singlets under the Standard Model gauge group. Some of these could be the dark matter of…

Algebraic hyperstructures represent a natural extension of classical algebraic structures. In a classical algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two…

All exactly integrable systems connected with the semisimple algebras of the second rank with an arbitrary choice of the grading in them are presented in explicit form. General solution of such systems are expressed in terms of the matrix…

Let p1, p2,..., pn be distinct prime numbers, and let Nn be their product. We prove that, for any positive integer L that is divisible by the least common multiple of p1 minus one, p2 minus one, and so on, and for integers a1, a2,..., an…

Let K be a (commutative) field and consider a nonzero element q in K which is not a root of unity. Goodearl and Lenagan have shown that the number of H-primes in the algebra R of m times p quantum matrices which contain all (t+1) times…

We study a special class of weakly associative algebras: the symmetric Leibniz algebras. We describe the structure of the commutative and skew symmetric algebras associated with the polarization-depolarization principle. We also give a…

We show that if {1, b, c, d} is a D(-1) diophantine quadruple with b<c<d and c=1+s^2, then the cases s=p^k, s=2p^k, c=p and c=2p^k do not occur, where p is an odd prime and k is a positive integer. For the integer d=1+x^2, we show that it…

We study associative multiplications in semi-simple associative algebras over C compatible with the usual one. An interesting class of such multiplications is related to the affine Dynkin diagrams of A, D, E-type. In this paper we…

Let C be an integral fusion category. We study some graphs, called the prime graph and the common divisor graph, related to the Frobenius-Perron dimensions of simple objects in the category C, that extend the corresponding graphs associated…

The article is devoted to the problem of classification of Manin triples up to weak and gauge equivalence. The case of complex simple Lie algebras can be obtained by the papers of A.Belavin, V.Drinfel'd, M.Semenov-Tian-Shanskii. Studing the…

Two structures $M, N$ in the same language are called probably isomorphic if they (or, in case of metric structures, their completions) are isomorphic after forcing with the Lebesgue measure algebra. We show that, if $M$ and $N$ are…

It is shown that a separable C*-algebra is inner quasidiagonal if and only if it has a separating family of quasidiagonal irreducible representations. As a consequence, a separable C*-algebra is a strong NF algebra if and only if it is…