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Disk material has been observed around both components of some young close binary star systems. It has been shown that if planets form at the right places within such disks, they can remain dynamically stable for very long times. Herein, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Elisa V. Quintana , Jack J. Lissauer

Proxima Centauri is our nearest stellar neighbor and one of the most well-studied stars in the sky. In 2016, a planetary companion was detected through radial velocity measurements. Proxima Centauri b has a minimum mass of 1.3 Earth masses…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Emily A. Gilbert , Thomas Barclay , Ethan Kruse , Elisa V. Quintana , Lucianne M. Walkowicz

Observations of circumbinary planets orbiting very close to the central stars have shown that planet formation may occur in a very hostile environment, where the gravitational pull from the binary should be very strong on the primordial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-05 Stefan Lines , Zoe M. Leinhardt , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Clement Baruteau , Philippe Thebault

The eccentric shape of the debris disk observed around Fomalhaut was first attributed to Fom b, a companion detected near the belt inner-edge, but new constraints on its orbit revealed that it is belt-crossing, highly eccentric $(e \sim…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-24 Virginie Faramaz , Hervé Beust , Jean-Charles Augereau , Paul Kalas , James R. Graham

The Alpha Centauri AB system is an attractive one for radial velocity observations to detect potential exoplanets. The high metallicity of both Alpha Centauri A and B suggest that they could have possessed circumstellar discs capable of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Duncan Forgan

The large number of exoplanets found to orbit their host stars in very close orbits have significantly advanced our understanding of the planetary formation process. It is now widely accepted that such short-period planets cannot have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-07 Jianghui Ji , Sheng Jin , C. G. Tinney

We numerically explore planet formation around alpha Cen A by focusing on the crucial planetesimals-to-embryos phase. Our code computes the relative velocity distribution, and thus the accretion vs. fragmentation trend, of planetesimal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Philippe Thebault , Francesco Marzari , Hans Scholl

Planet formation in small-separation (~20 AU) eccentric binaries such as gamma Cephei or alpha Centauri is believed to be adversely affected by the presence of the stellar companion. Strong dynamical excitation of planetesimals by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Roman R. Rafikov , Kedron Silsbee

Five planets are presently believed to orbit the primary star of 55 Cnc, but there exists a large 5 AU gap in their distribution between the two outermost planets. This gap has attracted considerable interest because it may contain one or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-07 Dimitris M. Christodoulou , Demosthenes Kazanas

Proxima c, a candidate second planet orbiting Proxima Centauri, was detected with the radial velocity method. The announced long orbital period (5.21$^{+0.26}_{-0.22}$ years), and small semi-amplitude of the induced Doppler signal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-01 Mario Damasso , Fabio Del Sordo

A review of the results on the migration of celestial bodies in the Solar System and in some exoplanetary systems is presented. Some problems of planet accumulation and migration of planetesimals, small bodies and dust in the forming and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-11 S. I. Ipatov

Observations of the population of cold Jupiter planets ($r>$1 AU) show that nearly all of these planets orbit their host star on eccentric orbits. For planets up to a few Jupiter masses, eccentric orbits are thought to be the outcome of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Bertram Bitsch , Trifon Trifonov , Andre Izidoro

The population of hot Jupiters with adjacent planetary companions is small but growing, and inner companions appear to be a nearly ubiquitous outcome within this subset of the exoplanet census. While most hot Jupiters are believed to form…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-16 Devansh Mathur , Juliette Becker

In recent years a paradigm shift has occurred in exoplanet science, wherein low-mass stars are increasingly viewed as a foundational pillar of the search for potentially habitable worlds in the solar neighborhood. However, the formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-06 Matthew S. Clement , Elisa V. Quintana , Billy L. Quarles

The discovery of planetary systems beyond our solar system has challenged established theories of planetary formation. Planetary orbits display a variety of unexpected architectures, and free-floating planets appear ubiquitous. The recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-06 Yihan Wang , Rosalba Perna , Zhaohuan Zhu

Sub-Jupiter classed circumbinary planets discovered in close-in binary systems have orbits just beyond the dynamically unstable region, which is determined by the eccentricity and mass ratio of the host binary stars. These planets are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Akihiro Yamanaka , Takanori Sasaki

The discovery of Proxima b, a terrestrial temperate planet, presents the opportunity of studying a potentially habitable world in optimal conditions. A key aspect to model its habitability is to understand the radiation environment of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-12 Ignasi Ribas , Michael D. Gregg , Tabetha S. Boyajian , Emeline Bolmont

The analysis of Proxima Centauri's radial velocities recently led Anglada-Escud\'e et al. (2016) to claim the presence of a low mass planet orbiting the Sun's nearest star once every 11.2 days. Although the a-priori probability that Proxima…

Estimates of the size of the feeding zone of the planet Proxima Centauri c have been made at initial orbital eccentricities of planetesimals equal to 0.02 or 0.15. The research is based on the results of modeling of the evolution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-04 S. I. Ipatov

More than half of stars reside in binary or multiple star systems and many planets have been found in binary systems. From theoretical point of view, however, whether or not the planetary formation proceeds in a binary system is a very…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yusuke Tsukamoto , Junichiro Makino