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Humans rely on effective representations to learn from few examples and abstract useful information from sensory data. Inducing such representations in machine learning models has been shown to improve their performance on various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Raja Marjieh , Sreejan Kumar , Declan Campbell , Liyi Zhang , Gianluca Bencomo , Jake Snell , Thomas L. Griffiths

Deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks, have long been applied to image and multi-media tasks, particularly those with structured data. More recently, there has been more attention to unstructured data that can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Rohitash Chandra , Ayush Bhagat , Manavendra Maharana , Pavel N. Krivitsky

Contemporary machine learning methods will try to approach the Bayes error, as it is the lowest possible error any model can achieve. This paper postulates that any decision is composed of not one but two Bayesian decisions and that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Stefan Jaeger

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) have recently regained a significant amount of attention in the deep learning community due to the development of scalable approximate Bayesian inference techniques. There are several advantages of using…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-28 Aliaksandr Hubin , Geir Storvik

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly deployed for high-impact automated decision making, ethical and increasingly also legal standards demand that they treat all individuals fairly, without discrimination based on their age,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Real-world robotic applications, from autonomous exploration to assistive technologies, require adaptive, interpretable, and data-efficient learning paradigms. While deep learning architectures and foundation models have driven significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Octavio Arriaga , Rebecca Adam , Melvin Laux , Lisa Gutzeit , Marco Ragni , Jan Peters , Frank Kirchner

Modern deep learning methods constitute incredibly powerful tools to tackle a myriad of challenging problems. However, since deep learning methods operate as black boxes, the uncertainty associated with their predictions is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Laurent Valentin Jospin , Wray Buntine , Farid Boussaid , Hamid Laga , Mohammed Bennamoun

Causal inference has gained much popularity in recent years, with interests ranging from academic, to industrial, to educational, and all in between. Concurrently, the study and usage of neural networks has also grown profoundly (albeit at…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-07 Demetrios Papakostas , Andrew Herren , P. Richard Hahn , Francisco Castillo

Bayesian methods are useful for statistical inference. However, real-world problems can be challenging using Bayesian methods when the data analyst has only limited prior knowledge. In this paper we consider a class of problems, called…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-20 Yixuan Qiu , Lingsong Zhang , Chuanhai Liu

Deep learning based data-driven approaches have been successfully applied in various image understanding applications ranging from object recognition, semantic segmentation to visual question answering. However, the lack of knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Somak Aditya , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Despite exceptional predictive performance of Deep sequence models (DSMs), the main concern of their deployment centers around the lack of uncertainty awareness. In contrast, probabilistic models quantify the uncertainty associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Wenlong Chen

Joint modeling of multiview graphs with a common set of nodes between views and auxiliary predictors is an essential, yet less explored, area in statistical methodology. Traditional approaches often treat graphs in different views as…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Sharmistha Guha , Jose Rodriguez-Acosta , Ivo Dinov

Applications of machine learning often involve making predictions based on both model outputs and the opinions of human experts. In this context, we investigate the problem of querying experts for class label predictions, using as few human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Markelle Kelly , Alex Boyd , Sam Showalter , Mark Steyvers , Padhraic Smyth

Deep learning expresses a category of machine learning algorithms that have the capability to combine raw inputs into intermediate features layers. These deep learning algorithms have demonstrated great results in different fields. Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Sukhdeep Singh , Sudhir Rohilla , Anuj Sharma

Medical imaging plays a vital role in modern diagnostics; however, interpreting high-resolution radiological data remains time-consuming and susceptible to variability among clinicians. Traditional image processing techniques often lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Melika Filvantorkaman , Maral Filvan Torkaman

Deep neural networks ("deep learning") have emerged as a technology of choice to tackle problems in natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition and gameplay, and in just a few years has led to superhuman level…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-05 Rama K. Vasudevan , Maxim Ziatdinov , Lukas Vlcek , Sergei V. Kalinin

Regression models are used for inference and prediction in a wide range of applications providing a powerful scientific tool for researchers and analysts from different fields. In many research fields the amount of available data as well as…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-08 Aliaksandr Hubin , Geir Storvik , Florian Frommlet

Relationships among objects play a crucial role in image understanding. Despite the great success of deep learning techniques in recognizing individual objects, reasoning about the relationships among objects remains a challenging task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Bo Dai , Yuqi Zhang , Dahua Lin

Domain generalization is challenging due to the domain shift and the uncertainty caused by the inaccessibility of target domain data. In this paper, we address both challenges with a probabilistic framework based on variational Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Zehao Xiao , Jiayi Shen , Xiantong Zhen , Ling Shao , Cees G. M. Snoek

In federated learning problems, data is scattered across different servers and exchanging or pooling it is often impractical or prohibited. We develop a Bayesian nonparametric framework for federated learning with neural networks. Each data…