Related papers: An iteration based on prime and composite factors
An integer sequence that is defined by initial values and a linear recurrence with constant integer coefficients, can be represented by the difference of two arithmetic terms containing exponentiation. All constants occuring in the term are…
The bipartition polynomial of a graph is a generalization of many other graph polynomials, including the domination, Ising, matching, independence, cut, and Euler polynomial. We show in this paper that it is also a powerful tool for proving…
A method is presented in which matrix elements for some processes are calculated recursively. This recursive calculational technique is based on the method of basis spinors.
In this note, we consider a framework for the analysis of iterative algorithms which can described in terms of a structured set-valued operator. More precisely, at each point in the ambient space, we assume that the value of operator can be…
We determine properties of the set of values of $ [nx] - ([x]/1 + [2x]/2 + \cdots + [nx]/x) $ as $n$ and $x$ vary.
Through introducing a new iterative formula for divided differnce using Neville's and Aitken's algorithms,we study new iterative methods for interpolation,numerical differentiation and numerical integration formulas with arbitrary order of…
This is a detailed survey -- with rigorous and self-contained proofs -- of some of the basics of elementary combinatorics and algebra, including the properties of finite sums, binomial coefficients, permutations and determinants. It is…
We investigate the special class of formulas made up of arbitrary but finite com- binations of addition, multiplication, and exponentiation gates. The inputs to these formulas are restricted to the integral unit 1. In connection with such…
Two closely related discrete probability distributions are introduced. In each case the support is a set of vectors in $\mathbb{R}^n$ obtained from the partitions of the fixed positive integer $n$. These distributions arise naturally when…
Cumulant mapping employs a statistical reconstruction of the whole by sampling its parts. The theory developed in this work formalises and extends ad hoc methods of `multi-fold' or `multi-dimensional' covariance mapping. Explicit formulae…
It is shown that each positive map between matrix algebras is the sum of a maximal decomposable map and an atomic map which is both optimal and co-optimal. The result is analyzed in detail for the positive projection onto a spin factor.
We investigate the problem of finding integers $k$ such that appending any number of copies of the base-ten digit $d$ to $k$ yields a composite number. In particular, we prove that there exist infinitely many integers coprime to all digits…
A class of parametric functions formed by alternating compositions of multivariate polynomials and rectification style monomial maps is studied (the layer-wise exponents are treated as fixed hyperparameters and are not optimized). For this…
A derangement is a permutation with no fixed point, and a nonderangement is a permutation with at least one fixed point. There is a one-term recurrence for the number of derangements of $n$ elements, and we describe a bijective proof of…
We investigate sumset decompositions of quite general sets with restricted prime factors. We manage to handle certain sets, such as the smooth numbers, even though they have little sieve amenability, and conclude that these sets cannot be…
Under what circumstances might every extension of a combinatorial structure contain more copies of another one than the original did? This property, which we call prolificity, holds universally in some cases (e.g., finite linear orders) and…
We show that every sufficiently large integer is a sum of a prime and two almost prime squares, and also a sum of a smooth number and two almost prime squares. The number of such representations is of the expected order of magnitude. We…
We have presented a multivariate polynomial function termed as factor elimination function,by which, we can generate prime numbers. This function's mapping behavior can explain the irregularities in the occurrence of prime numbers on the…
This collection of sums and integrals has been harvested from the mathematical and physical literature in unstructured ways. Its main use is backtracking the original sources whenever an integral of the reader's application resembles one of…
The $\Sopfr(n)$ function is defined as the sum of prime factors of $n$ each of which is taken with its multiplicity. This function is studied numerically. The analogy between $\Sopfr(n)$ and the primes distribution function is drawn and…