Related papers: Quantum Mechanics of a Photon
The quantization of the electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented without reference to lagrangean quantum field theory. The equal time commutators of the fields are calculated from basic principles. A physical discussion of the…
We experimentally demonstrate the first quantum system entangled in every degree of freedom (hyperentangled). Using pairs of photons produced in spontaneous parametric downconversion, we verify entanglement by observing a Bell-type…
It is argued that by the end of the 1920s a quantum-mechanical model could have been in place, that not only produces the atomic and molecular energy levels of the many-body Pauli equation with Coulomb interactions and external classical…
The complex Hilbert space of standard quantum mechanics may be treated as a real Hilbert space. The pure states of the complex theory become mixed states in the real formulation. It is then possible to generalize standard quantum mechanics,…
In contrast to wave functions in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics interpreted as probability amplitudes, wave functions in relativistic quantum mechanics have generalized meanings such as charge-density amplitudes, energy-density…
The Kepler problem concerns a point particle in an attractive inverse square force. After a brief review of the classical and quantum versions of this problem, focused on their hidden $\text{SU}(2) \times \text{SU}(2)$ symmetry, we discuss…
The momentum operator for a spin-less particle when confined to a 2D surface embedded into 3D space acquires a geometrical component proportional to the mean curvature that renders it Hermitian. As a consequence, the quantum force operator…
We derive the Hilbert space formalism of quantum mechanics from epistemic principles. A key assumption is that a physical theory that relies on entities or distinctions that are unknowable in principle gives rise to wrong predictions. An…
Entanglement of photons is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, which stands at the core of quantum technologies such as photonic quantum computing, communication, and sensing. An ongoing challenge in all these is finding an…
Recently we introduced a local photon approach for modelling the quantised electromagnetic field in position space. Using this approach, we define the momentum of light in this paper as in quantum mechanics as the generator for spatial…
A random field that is empirically equivalent to the quantized electromagnetic field is constructed. A mapping between the creation and annihilation operator algebras of a random field and of the quantized electromagnetic field provides a…
Starting from a new principle inspired by quantum tomography rather than from Born's rule, this paper gives a self-contained deductive approach to quantum mechanics and quantum measurement. A suggestive notion for what constitutes a quantum…
A "quantum-first" approach to gravity is described, where rather than quantizing general relativity, one seeks to formulate the physics of gravity within a quantum-mechanical framework with suitably general postulates. Important guides are…
We consider Hilbert's sixth problem on the axiomatization of physics starting with a higher degree Heisenberg commutation relation involving the Dirac operator and the Feynman slash of scalar fields. The two sided version of the commutation…
Our familiar Newton's laws allow determination of both position and velocity of any object precisely. Early nineteenth century saw the birth of quantum mechanics where all measurements must obey Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.…
If Einstein's photon is $E = cp = \hbar\omega$, Wigner's photon is its helicity which is a Lorentz-invariant concept coming from the E(2)-like little group for massless particles. In addition, the E(2)-like little group has two…
Finite-dimensional Quantum Mechanics can be geometrically formulated as a proper classical-like Hamiltonian theory in a projective Hilbert space. The description of composite quantum systems within the geometric Hamiltonian framework is…
We show how to obtain all covariant field equations for massless particles of arbitrary integer, or half-integer, helicity in four dimensions from the quantization of the rigid particle, whose action is given by the integrated extrinsic…
This paper is devoted to the theory of quantum electromagnetic field in an optically dense medium. Self-consistent equations describing interaction between a quantum field and a quantum dielectric medium are obtained from the first…
We perform the momentum-space quantization of a spin-less particle moving on the $SU(2)$ group manifold, that is, the three-dimensional sphere $S^{3}$, by using a non-canonical method entirely based on symmetry grounds. To achieve this…