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Given any line in the plane, we strengthen the Littlewood conjecture by two logarithms for almost every point on the line, thereby generalising the fibre result of Beresnevich, Haynes, and Velani. To achieve this, we prove an effective…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Sam Chow , Lei Yang

We show that affine coordinate subspaces of dimension at least two in Euclidean space are of Khintchine type for divergence. For affine coordinate subspaces of dimension one, we prove a result which depends on the dual Diophantine type of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Fabian Süess

Theorems from universal algebra such as that of Murski\u{i} from the 1970s have a striking similarity to universal approximation results for neural nets along the lines of Cybenko's from the 1980s. We consider here a discrete analogue of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Charlotte Aten

We present a new random approximation method that yields the existence of a discrete Beurling prime system $\mathcal{P}=\{p_{1}, p_{2}, \dotso\}$ which is very close in a certain precise sense to a given non-decreasing, right-continuous,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Frederik Broucke , Jasson Vindas

We obtain a criterion for the quasi-regularity of generalized (non-sectorial) Dirichlet forms, which extends the result of P.J. Fitzsimmons on the quasi-regularity of (sectorial) semi-Dirichlet forms. Given the right (Markov) process…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-10 Lucian Beznea , Gerald Trutnau

We prove a functional limit theorem in a space of analytic functions for the random Dirichlet series $D(\alpha;z)=\sum_{n\geq 2}(\log n)^{\alpha}(\eta_n+{\rm i} \theta_n)/n^z$, properly scaled and normalized, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Dariusz Buraczewski , Congzao Dong , Alexander Iksanov , Alexander Marynych

We establish upper bounds for the size of two-distance sets in Euclidean space and spherical two-distance sets. The main recipe for obtaining upper bounds is the spectral method. We construct Seidel matrices to encode the distance relations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Wei-Chun Chen , Wei-Hsuan Yu

We establish sharp upper bounds for shifted moments of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-function under the generalized Riemann hypothesis. Our result is then used to prove bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Peng Gao , Liangyi Zhao

This article deals with error estimates for the finite element approximation of variational normal derivatives and, as a consequence, error estimates for the finite element approximation of Dirichlet boundary control problems with energy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-06 Max Winkler

A theorem is proved concerning approximation of analytic functions by multivariate polynomials in the $s$-dimensional hypercube. The geometric convergence rate is determined not by the usual notion of degree of a multivariate polynomial,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Lloyd N. Trefethen

We describe the set of all Dirichlet forms associated to a given infinite graph in terms of Dirichlet forms on its Royden boundary. Our approach is purely analytical and uses form methods.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Matthias Keller , Daniel Lenz , Marcel Schmidt , Michael Schwarz

A rational distance set is a subset of the plane such that the distance between any two points is a rational number. We show, assuming Lang's Conjecture, that the cardinalities of rational distance sets in general position are uniformly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Kenneth Ascher , Lucas Braune , Amos Turchet

We generalize a version of Lavrent\'ev's theorem which says that a function that is continuous on a compact set K with connected complement and without interior points can be uniformly approximated as closely as desired by a polynomial…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-07-02 Johan Andersson , Linnea Rousu

We show that for any $\epsilon<1$ and any $\mathcal{T}$ `drifting away from walls', Dirichlet's Theorem cannot be $\epsilon$-improved along $\mathcal{T}$ for Lebesgue almost every system of linear forms $Y$ (see the paper for definitions).…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-05-19 Dmitry Kleinbock , Barak Weiss

We establish upper bounds for moments of smoothed quadratic Dirichlet character sums under the generalized Riemann hypothesis, confirming a conjecture of M. Jutila.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Peng Gao , Liangyi Zhao

A fully implementable filtered polynomial approximation on spherical shells is considered. The method proposed is a quadrature-based version of a filtered polynomial approximation. The radial direction and the angular direction of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-27 Yoshihito Kazashi

Universal approximation theorems establish the expressive capacity of neural network architectures. For dynamical systems, existing results are limited to finite time horizons or systems with a globally stable equilibrium, leaving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Abel Sagodi , Il Memming Park

This note pushes further the discussion about relations between Dirichlet improvable, badly approximable and singular points held in recent joint work with Beresnevich, Guan, Velani and Ramirez, by considering Diophantine sets extending the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-24 Antoine Marnat

We study the problem of finding, in a real algebraic matrix group, the matrix closest to a given data matrix. We do so from the algebro-geometric perspective of Euclidean distance degrees. We recover several classical results; and among the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-10 Jasmijn A. Baaijens , Jan Draisma

We describe singular diffusion in bounded subsets $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$ by form methods and characterize the associated operator. We also prove positivity and contractivity of the corresponding semigroup. This results in a description…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Uta Freiberg , Christian Seifert