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Hydrogen is considered a promising environmentally friendly energy carrier for replacing traditional fossil fuels. In this context, photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells effectively convert solar energy directly to H2 fuel by water…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-03-22 Sebastiano Bellani , Maria Rosa Antognazza , Francesco Bonaccorso

Iron- and steelmaking cause ~7% of the global CO2 emissions, due to the use of carbon for the reduction of iron ores. Replacing carbon by hydrogen as the reductant offers a pathway to reduce emissions. However, production of hydrogen using…

Strain has emerged as a promising approach for tuning electrocatalytic properties, yet its role in sputter-deposited thin films remains poorly understood. In this work, magnetron-sputtered platinum (Pt) thin films with different stress…

The catalytic reduction of $\mathrm{CO_{2}/CO}$ is an appealing approach for reducing greenhouse gas concentrations while also producing renewable energy. We used two-dimensional transitional metal carbides known as Mxenes as the most…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Tewodros Eyob Ada , Kenate Nemera Nigussa , Cecil N. M. Ouma

By a combination of the first-principles calculations and climbing image nudged elastic band method (ciNEB) we investigate structure stabilities and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of monolayer 2H-CrS2. The results suggest the…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-06 Feng Sun , Aijun Hong , Wenda Zhou , Cailei Yuan , Wei Zhang

TMDs are a new family of 2D materials with features that make them appealing for potential applications in nanomaterials science and engineering. Although, the edges of the 2D TMDs show excellent electrocatalytic performance, their basal…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-20 Shrish Nath Upadhyay , Srimanta Pakhira

Determining the nature of surface roughness and electrode pore structure on H2 bubble evolution rate and quantity, and bubble trapping under electrolytic conditions is important for quantifying useful gas production during total water…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-19 Matthew Ferguson , Alex Lonergan , Christopher Kent , Dara Fitzpatrick , Colm O'Dwyer

The search for low-cost, durable, and effective catalysts is essential for green hydrogen production and carbon dioxide upcycling to help in the mitigation of climate change. Discovery of new catalysts is currently limited by the gap…

Few-layered potassium nickel and cobalt oxides show drastic differences in catalytic activity based on metal ion preorganization. Uniform compositions $[(\mathrm{CoO}_2/\mathrm{K})_6$ or $(\mathrm{NiO}_2/\mathrm{K})_6]$ show limited…

Disorder and defective coordination in the catalytic plane are crucial for enhancing the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) on two-dimensional catalysts. Amorphous materials are disordered, making them catalytically adaptive for many…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-11 Sreehari M S , Ashutosh Krishna Amaram , Raghavan Ranganathan

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets have attracted attention as a promising and cost-effective alternative catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, their aggregation and poor conductivity limit…

The use of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers is the method of choice for the conversion of solar energy when frequently occurring changes of the current load are an issue. However, this technique requires electrolytes with low…

Photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production and carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to methane (CH4) are considered promising solutions for reducing CO2 emissions. However, the development of highly active photocatalysts is essential to efficiently…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-23 Jacqueline Hidalgo-Jimenez , Taner Akbay , Tatsumi Ishihara , Kaveh Edalati

Hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy source, holding the key to achieve low-carbon and sustainable mobility. However, its applications are still limited by modest conversion efficiency in the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction…

In this work, the hydrogen evolution reaction activities of non-metal sites in the transition metal dichalcogenides with the stoichiometry of MX2 are investigated using the first principles calculations. The trained machine learning model…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-04 Ruixin Xu , Shiqian Cao , Tingting Bo , Yanyu Liu , Wei Zhou

Deploying distributed energy resources (DERs) and other smart grid technologies have increased the complexity of power grids and made them more vulnerable to natural disasters and cyber-physical-human (CPH) threats. To deal with these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Hamed Haggi , Wei Sun , James M. Fenton , Paul Brooker

Although hydrogen generation by water electrolysis is the cheapest of all other available sources, water splitting still occurs with sluggish kinetics. It is a challenging barrier for H2 production on a large scale. Moreover, research is…

The recent synthesis of Goldene, a 2D sheet of gold exfoliated from $Ti_3AuC_2$, offers high specific surface area (~260 $m^2g^{-1}$), roughly twice that of fine nanodots (~100 $m^2g^{-1}$), and unique electronic properties due to its dense…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-30 Ashutosh Krishna Amaram , Aaditya Roy , Raghavan Ranganathan

In the conversion toward a clear and sustainable energy system, the flexibility of power-to-hydrogen (P2H) production enables the admittance of volatile renewable energies on a utility scale and provides the connected electrical power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Yiwei Qiu , Buxiang Zhou , Tianlei Zang , Yi Zhou , Shi Chen , Ruomei Qi , Jiarong Li , Jin Lin

Hydrogen is becoming an increasingly appealing energy carrier, as the costs of renewable energy generation and water electrolysis continue to decline. Developing modelling and decision tools for the H$_{2}$ supply chain that fully capture…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Guannan He , Dharik S. Mallapragada , Abhishek Bose , Clara F. Heuberger , Emre Gençer
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