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The dynamics of entanglement in `hybrid' non-unitary circuits (for example, involving both unitary gates and quantum measurements) has recently become an object of intense study. A major hurdle toward experimentally realizing this physics…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-02-11 Matteo Ippoliti , Vedika Khemani

We initially consider a quantum system consisting of two qubits, which can be in one of two nonorthogonal states, \Psi_0 or \Psi_1. We distribute the qubits to two parties, Alice and Bob. They each measure their qubit and then compare their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jihane Mimih , Mark Hillery

Indistinguishability is an essential concept to understanding mysterious quantum features in the view point of the wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics. The fundamental physics of the indistinguishability lies in quantum superposition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Byoung S. Ham

We introduce geometric measures of entanglement for indistinguishable particles, which apply to mixed states, multipartite systems, and arbitrary dimensions. They are based on generalized (i.e., not necessarily finite) norms on the set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-17 Florian Sokoli , Burkhard Kümmerer

Wave-particle duality and entanglement are two fundamental characteristics of quantum mechanics. All previous works on experimental investigations in wave{particle properties of single photons (or single particles in general) show that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Kai Wang , Daniel R. Terno , Caslav Brukner , Shining Zhu , Xiao-Song Ma

Holography is a cornerstone characterisation and imaging technique that can be applied to the full electromagnetic spectrum, from X-rays to radio waves or even particles such as neutrons. The key property in all these holographic approaches…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Hugo Defienne , Bienvenu Ndagano , Ashley Lyons , Daniele Faccio

The title refers to the Free Will Theorem by Conway and Kochen whose flashy formulation is: if experimenters possess free will, then so do particles. In more modest terms, the theorem says that individual pairs of spacelike separated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala

Quantum entanglement of identical particles is essential in quantum information theory. Yet, its correct determination remains an open issue hindering the general understanding and exploitation of many-particle systems. Operator-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-08 Rosario Lo Franco , Giuseppe Compagno

In this paper, we propose a novel method for interfering frequency-multiplexed photonic quantum states without the use of optical nonlinear effects, and experimentally demonstrate this technique via frequency-domain Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM)…

Imaging based on the induced coherence effect makes use of photon pairs to obtain information of an object without detecting the light that probes it. While one photon illuminates the object, only its partner is detected, so no measurement…

We develop a classical picture of interference for non-interacting individual classical massive free particles. As long as they remain undetected, particles carry the information of a phase equal to an action integral along their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-16 Ioannis Contopoulos , Athanasios C. Tzemos , Foivos Zanias , George Contopoulos

A remarkable feature of quantum theory is that particles with identical intrinsic properties must be treated as indistinguishable if the theory is to give valid predictions. In the quantum formalism, indistinguishability is expressed via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Philip Goyal

Quantum mechanical wave-particle duality is quantified in terms of a trade-off relation between the fringe visibility and the which-way distinguishability in an interference experiment. This relation is recently generalized by Banaszek et.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-20 J. Prabhu Tej , A. R. Usha Devi , H. S. Karthik , Sudha , A. K. Rajagopal

The quantum world distinguishes itself from the classical world by being governed by probability amplitudes rather than probabilities. On a single-particle level, quantum phases can be manipulated leading to observable interference patterns…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Nahid Talebi , Iva Březinová

We discuss quantum correlations in systems of indistinguishable particles in relation to entanglement in composite quantum systems consisting of well separated subsystems. Our studies are motivated by recent experiments and theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 K. Eckert , J. Schliemann , D. Bruss , M. Lewenstein

Building upon the recently introduced particle interpretation of the double-slit experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 133603 (2025)] which attributes interference phenomena to detector-coupled (bright) and detector-uncoupled (dark) states of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Jian-Jian Cheng , Jun-Ling Che , Lin Zhang , Ming-Liang Hu

This thesis investigates the entanglement of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles, introducing a new error model for Hardy's test, experimentally verified using superconducting qubits. We address challenges in implementing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Soumya Das

This article is a detailed introduction to Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, in which two photons interfere on a beamsplitter in a way that depends on the photons' distinguishability. We begin by considering distinguishability in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Agata M. Brańczyk

Wave-particle duality has become one of the flagships of quantum mechanics. This counter-intuitive concept is highlighted in a delayed choice experiment, where the experimental setup that reveals either the particle or wave nature of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Rafael Chaves , Gabriela Barreto Lemos , Jacques Pienaar

Quantum metrology overcomes standard precision limits by exploiting collective quantum superpositions of physical systems used for sensing, with the prominent example of non-classical multiphoton states improving interferometric techniques.…