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The model of cellular automata is fascinating because very simple local rules can generate complex global behaviors. The relationship between local and global function is subject of many studies. We tackle this question by using results on…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Christoph Durr , Ivan Rapaport , Guillaume Theyssier

Cellular automata are interacting classical bits that display diverse emergent behaviors, from fractals to random-number generators to Turing-complete computation. We discover that quantum cellular automata (QCA) can exhibit complexity in…

Quantum cellular automata are alternative quantum-computing paradigms to quantum Turing machines and quantum circuits. Their working mechanisms are inherently automated, therefore measurement free, and they act in a translation invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Thiago L. M. Guedes , Don Winter , Markus Müller

The cellular automata with local permutation invariance are considered. We show that in the two-state case the set of such automata coincides with the generalized Game of Life family. We count the number of equivalence classes of the rules…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir V. Kornyak

We study the predictability of emergent phenomena in complex systems. Using nearest neighbor, one-dimensional Cellular Automata (CA) as an example, we show how to construct local coarse-grained descriptions of CA in all classes of Wolfram's…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-06-26 Navot Israeli , Nigel Goldenfeld

Probabilistic Cellular Automata are a generalization of Cellular Automata. Despite their simple definition, they exhibit fascinating and complex behaviours. The stationary behaviour of these models changes when model parameters are varied,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2024-08-20 E. N. M. Cirillo , G. Lancia , C. Spitoni

Periodic lattices have been widely explored for decades, owing to their peculiar vibrational behavior. On the other hand, certain types of aperiodic lattices have enabled new phenomena that may not be otherwise attainable in periodic ones.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Hasan B. Al Ba'ba'a

This essay discusses the connections and differences between two emerging paradigms in deep learning, namely Neural Cellular Automata and Deep Equilibrium Models, and train a simple Deep Equilibrium Convolutional model to demonstrate the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Zhibai Jia

Two-dimensional nine neighbor hood rectangular Cellular Automata rules can be modeled using many different techniques like Rule matrices, State Transition Diagrams, Boolean functions, Algebraic Normal Form etc. In this paper, a new model is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-02-28 Birendra Kumar Nayak , Sudhakar Sahoo , Sushant Kumar Rout

A Cellular Automata (CA) rule is presented that can generate "loop patterns" in a 2D grid under fixed boundary conditions. A loop is a cyclically closed path represented by one-cells enclosed by zero-cells. A loop pattern can contain…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-05-30 Rolf Hoffmann , Mariusz Białecki

We formulate a new concept for computing with quantum cellular automata composed of arrays of nanostructured superconducting devices. The logic states are defined by the position of two trapped flux quanta (vortices) in a 2x2…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-13 M. V. Milosevic , G. R. Berdiyorov , F. M. Peeters

In this paper, we analyze the algebraic structure of some null boundary as well as some periodic boundary 2-D Cellular Automata (CA) rules by introducing a new matrix multiplication operation using only AND, OR instead of most commonly used…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-08-12 Sudhakar Sahoo , Sanjaya Sahoo , Birendra Kumar Nayak , Pabitra Pal Choudhury

This paper deals with the theory and application of 2-Dimensional, nine-neighborhood, null- boundary, uniform as well as hybrid Cellular Automata (2D CA) linear rules in image processing. These rules are classified into nine groups…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-04-16 Pabitra Pal Choudhury , Birendra Kumar Nayak , Sudhakar Sahoo , Sunil Pankaj Rath

The Global Cellular Automata (GCA) Model is a generalization of the Cellular Automata (CA) Model. The GCA model consists of a collection of cells which change their states depending on the states of their neighbors, like in the classical CA…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Rolf Hoffmann

A natural architecture for nanoscale quantum computation is that of a quantum cellular automaton. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we begin an investigation of exactly unitary cellular automata. After proving that there can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 David A. Meyer

A wide family of nonlinear sequence generators, the so-called clock-controlled shrinking generators, has been analyzed and identified with a subset of linear cellular automata. The algorithm that converts the given generator into a linear…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-05-19 Amparo Fúster-Sabater

In this note, we present a characterization of semistable unitary operators on $L^2(\mathbb{R})$, under the assumption that the operator is (i) translation-invariant, (ii) symmetric, and (iii) locally uniformly continuous (LUC) under…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Xianghong Chen

We consider Clifford Quantum Cellular Automata (CQCAs) and their time evolution. CQCAs are an especially simple type of Quantum Cellular Automata, yet they show complex asymptotics and can even be a basic ingredient for universal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-01 Johannes Gütschow , Sonja Uphoff , Reinhard F. Werner , Zoltán Zimborás

Classical Cellular Automata (CCAs) are a powerful computational framework widely used to model complex systems driven by local interactions. Their simplicity lies in the use of a finite set of states and a uniform local rule, yet this…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-03-20 Enrico Formenti , Faizal Hafiz , Amelia Kunze , Davide La Torre

We extend the theory of Cellular Automata to arbitrary, time-varying graphs. In other words we formalize, and prove theorems about, the intuitive idea of a labelled graph which evolves in time - but under the natural constraint that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-05-09 Pablo Arrighi , Gilles Dowek
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