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The purpose of this paper is to use reinforcement learning to model learning agents which can recognize formal languages. Agents are modeled as simple multi-head automaton, a new model of finite automaton that uses multiple heads, and six…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Alper Şekerci , Özlem Salehi

Bayesian model-based reinforcement learning is a formally elegant approach to learning optimal behaviour under model uncertainty, trading off exploration and exploitation in an ideal way. Unfortunately, finding the resulting Bayes-optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Arthur Guez , David Silver , Peter Dayan

Interactive search can provide a better experience by incorporating interaction feedback from the users. This can significantly improve search accuracy as it helps avoid irrelevant information and captures the users' search intents.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Jianghong Zhou , Joyce C. Ho , Chen Lin , Eugene Agichtein

Real-world reinforcement learning tasks often involve some form of partial observability where the observations only give a partial or noisy view of the true state of the world. Such tasks typically require some form of memory, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Kevin Esslinger , Robert Platt , Christopher Amato

Equipping artificial agents with useful exploration mechanisms remains a challenge to this day. Humans, on the other hand, seem to manage the trade-off between exploration and exploitation effortlessly. In the present article, we put…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Marcel Binz , Eric Schulz

In reinforcement learning, the advantage function is critical for policy improvement, but is often extracted from a learned Q-function. A natural question is: Why not learn the advantage function directly? In this work, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yunhao Tang , Rémi Munos , Mark Rowland , Michal Valko

A computing cluster that interconnects multiple compute nodes is used to accelerate distributed reinforcement learning based on DQN (Deep Q-Network). In distributed reinforcement learning, Actor nodes acquire experiences by interacting with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Masaki Furukawa , Hiroki Matsutani

In this paper, we propose a novel Reinforcement Learning approach for solving the Active Information Acquisition problem, which requires an agent to choose a sequence of actions in order to acquire information about a process of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Heejin Jeong , Brent Schlotfeldt , Hamed Hassani , Manfred Morari , Daniel D. Lee , George J. Pappas

Multi-agent reinforcement learning has shown promise in learning cooperative behaviors in team-based environments. However, such methods often demand extensive training time. For instance, the state-of-the-art method TiZero takes 40 days to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Amir Baghi , Jens Sjölund , Joakim Bergdahl , Linus Gisslén , Alessandro Sestini

Existing exploration strategies in reinforcement learning (RL) often either ignore the history or feedback of search, or are complicated to implement. There is also a very limited literature showing their effectiveness over diverse domains.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Xing Wang , Alexander Vinel

Policy gradient methods are powerful reinforcement learning algorithms and have been demonstrated to solve many complex tasks. However, these methods are also data-inefficient, afflicted with high variance gradient estimates, and frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Andreas Doerr , Michael Volpp , Marc Toussaint , Sebastian Trimpe , Christian Daniel

We propose Deep Q-Networks (DQN) with model-based exploration, an algorithm combining both model-free and model-based approaches that explores better and learns environments with sparse rewards more efficiently. DQN is a general-purpose,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Stephen Zhen Gou , Yuyang Liu

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can learn complex policies to optimize agent operation over time. RL algorithms have shown promising results in solving complicated problems in recent years. However, their application on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Hamed Khorasgani , Haiyan Wang , Chetan Gupta , Susumu Serita

Reinforcement learning tasks in real-world scenarios often involve large, high-dimensional action spaces, leading to challenges such as convergence difficulties, instability, and high computational complexity. It is widely acknowledged that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Hai Lin , Cheng Huang , Zhihong Chen

Successful teaching requires an assumption of how the learner learns - how the learner uses experiences from the world to update their internal states. We investigate what expectations people have about a learner when they teach them in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yun-Shiuan Chuang , Xuezhou Zhang , Yuzhe Ma , Mark K. Ho , Joseph L. Austerweil , Xiaojin Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Standard deep reinforcement learning methods such as Deep Q-Networks (DQN) for multiple tasks (domains) face scalability problems. We propose a method for multi-domain dialogue policy learning---termed NDQN, and apply it to an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Heriberto Cuayáhuitl , Seunghak Yu , Ashley Williamson , Jacob Carse

We present a method for using previously-trained 'teacher' agents to kickstart the training of a new 'student' agent. To this end, we leverage ideas from policy distillation and population based training. Our method places no constraints on…

Negotiation is a process where agents aim to work through disputes and maximize their surplus. As the use of deep reinforcement learning in bargaining games is unexplored, this paper evaluates its ability to exploit, adapt, and cooperate to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Ho-Chun Herbert Chang

Task-oriented dialog (TOD) systems often need to formulate knowledge base (KB) queries corresponding to the user intent and use the query results to generate system responses. Existing approaches require dialog datasets to explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Dinesh Raghu , Nikhil Gupta , Mausam