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Related papers: Bayesian Posteriors For Arbitrarily Rare Events

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Bayesian experimental design involves the optimal allocation of resources in an experiment, with the aim of optimising cost and performance. For implicit models, where the likelihood is intractable but sampling from the model is possible,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-26 Steven Kleinegesse , Michael Gutmann

In recent years, Bayesian inference in large-scale inverse problems found in science, engineering and machine learning has gained significant attention. This paper examines the robustness of the Bayesian approach by analyzing the stability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Alfredo Garbuno-Inigo , Tapio Helin , Franca Hoffmann , Bamdad Hosseini

In this paper the Bayesian analysis is applied to assign a probability density to the value of a quantity having a definite sign. This analysis is logically consistent with the results, positive or negative, of repeated measurements.…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-11-13 D Calonico , F Levi , L Lorini , G Mana

Abstract In Extreme Value methodology the choice of threshold plays an important role in efficient modelling of observations exceeding the threshold. The threshold must be chosen high enough to ensure an unbiased extreme value index but…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-11 Andréhette Verster , Lizanne Raubenheimer

The prediction of the final state probabilities of a general cuboid randomly thrown onto a surface is a problem that naturally arises in the minds of men and women familiar with regular cubic dice and the basic concepts of probability.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2014-07-24 G. A. T. Pender , M. Uhrin

We show how to obtain a Bayesian estimate of the rates or numbers of signal and background events from a set of events when the shapes of the signal and background distributions are known, can be estimated, or approximated; our method works…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Will M. Farr , Jonathan R. Gair , Ilya Mandel , Curt Cutler

High-dimensional data can be useful for causal inference by providing many confounders that may bolster the plausibility of the ignorability assumption. Propensity score methods are powerful tools for causal inference, are popular in health…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-10 Jacob Spertus , Sharon-Lise Normand

We consider upper exponential bounds for the probability of the event that an absolute deviation of sample mean from mathematical expectation p is bigger comparing with some ordered level epsilon. These bounds include 2 coefficients {alpha,…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-04-13 Vladimir Nikulin

The paper presents a scheme for computing lower and upper bounds on the posterior marginals in Bayesian networks with discrete variables. Its power lies in its ability to use any available scheme that bounds the probability of evidence or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Bozhena Bidyuk , Rina Dechter , Emma Rollon

Observational studies are needed when experiments are not possible. Within study comparisons (WSC) compare observational and experimental estimates that test the same hypothesis using the same treatment group, outcome, and estimand.…

Estimating the parameters from $k$ independent Bin$(n,p)$ random variables, when both parameters $n$ and $p$ are unknown, is relevant to a variety of applications. It is particularly difficult if $n$ is large and $p$ is small. Over the past…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-10 Laura Fee Schneider , Thomas Staudt , Axel Munk

Predictive posterior densities (PPDs) are of interest in approximate Bayesian inference. Typically, these are estimated by simple Monte Carlo (MC) averages using samples from the approximate posterior. We observe that the signal-to-noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Abhinav Agrawal , Justin Domke

Bayesian inference is used to estimate continuous parameter values given measured data in many fields of science. The method relies on conditional probability densities to describe information about both data and parameters, yet the notion…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Klaus Mosegaard , Andrew Curtis

Rare events can potentially occur in many applications. When manifested as opportunities to be exploited, risks to be ameliorated, or certain features to be extracted, such events become of paramount significance. Due to their sporadic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Ali Tajer , H. Vincent Poor

Bayesian models quantify uncertainty and facilitate optimal decision-making in downstream applications. For most models, however, practitioners are forced to use approximate inference techniques that lead to sub-optimal decisions due to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Tomasz Kuśmierczyk , Joseph Sakaya , Arto Klami

The minor probability events detection is a crucial problem in Big data. Such events tend to include rarely occurring phenomenons which should be detected and monitored carefully. Given the prior probabilities of separate events and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-17 Shuo Wan , Jiaxun Lu , Pingyi Fan , Khaled B. Letaief

The Bayesian posterior minimizes the "inferential risk" which itself bounds the "predictive risk". This bound is tight when the likelihood and prior are well-specified. However since misspecification induces a gap, the Bayesian posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Warren R. Morningstar , Alexander A. Alemi , Joshua V. Dillon

Bounds on Bayesian posterior convergence rates, assuming the prior satisfies both local and global support conditions, are now readily available. In this paper we explore, in the context of density estimation, Bayesian convergence rates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-25 Ryan Martin , Liang Hong , Stephen G. Walker

Bayesian model comparison is often based on the posterior distribution over the set of compared models. This distribution is often observed to concentrate on a single model even when other measures of model fit or forecasting ability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Oscar Oelrich , Shutong Ding , Måns Magnusson , Aki Vehtari , Mattias Villani

Bayesian inference has theoretical attractions as a principled framework for reasoning about beliefs. However, the motivations of Bayesian inference which claim it to be the only 'rational' kind of reasoning do not apply in practice. They…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-14 Sebastian Farquhar