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We investigate the Benjamin-Feir (or modulational) instability of Stokes waves, i.e., small-amplitude, one-dimensional periodic gravity waves of permanent form and constant velocity, in water of finite and infinite depth. We develop a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-22 Ryan Creedon , Bernard Deconinck

Motivated by the ongoing study of dispersive shock waves in non integrable systems, we propose and analyze a set of wave parameters for periodic waves of a large class of Hamiltonian partial differential systems -- including the generalized…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Sylvie Benzoni-Gavage , Colin Mietka , L. Miguel Rodrigues

In this paper, we are interested in studying the modulational dynamics of interfacial waves rising buoyantly along a conduit of a viscous liquid. Formally, the behavior of modulated periodic waves on large space and time scales may be…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Mathew A. Johnson , Wesley R. Perkins

We prove nonlinear modulational instability for both periodic and localized perturbations of periodic traveling waves for several dispersive PDEs, including the KDV type equations (e.g. the Whitham equation, the generalized KDV equation,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-26 Jiayin Jin , Shasha Liao , Zhiwu Lin

We study wave turbulence in shallow water flows in numerical simulations using two different approximations: the shallow water model, and the Boussinesq model with weak dispersion. The equations for both models were solved using periodic…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-17 P. Clark di Leoni , P. J. Cobelli , P. D. Mininni

The well-known Stokes waves refer to periodic traveling waves under the gravity at the free surface of a two dimensional full water wave system. In this paper, we prove that small-amplitude Stokes waves with infinite depth are nonlinearly…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Gong Chen , Qingtang Su

Consideration is given to three different full dispersion Boussinesq systems arising as asymptotic models in the bi-directional propagation of weakly nonlinear surface waves in shallow water. We prove that, under a non-cavitation condition…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-03-28 Martin Oen Paulsen

We study the behavior of shallow water waves propagating over bathymetry that varies periodically in one direction and is constant in the other. Plane waves traveling along the constant direction are known to evolve into solitary waves, due…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-05-21 David I. Ketcheson , Giovanni Russo

In this paper, we investigate the modulational stability of periodic traveling waves in a local model for shallow water waves, which is an extended version of the Hunter-Saxton equation. We construct a family of small-amplitude periodic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Lili Fan , Xin Zhang , Hongjun Gao

We investigate the Benjamin-Feir instability of small-amplitude gravity-capillary Stokes waves in deep water for the full water wave equations. While modulational instability has been classically predicted by formal asymptotic approaches,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ting-Yang Hsiao , Xinyang Wang

In this paper we consider the spectral and nonlinear stability of periodic traveling wave solutions of a generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. In particular, we resolve the long-standing question of nonlinear modulational stability by…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Blake Barker , Mathew A. Johnson , Pascal Noble , L. Miguel Rodrigues , Kevin Zumbrun

We study the spectral stability of smooth, small-amplitude periodic traveling wave solutions of the Novikov equation, which is a Camassa-Holm type equation with cubic nonlinearities. Specifically, we investigate the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Brett Ehrman , Mathew A. Johnson , Stéphane Lafortune

We consider a full set of harmonics for the Stokes wave in deep water in the absence of viscosity, and examine the role that higher harmonics play in modifying the classical Benjamin-Feir instability. Using a representation of the wave…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-04-26 Shahrdad G. Sajjadi , David L. Ross

In this paper we consider a family of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations and study the linear modulational instability of small amplitude traveling waves solutions. Under explicit non-degeneracy conditions on the dispersion relation,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Alberto Maspero , Antonio Milosh Radakovic

We study the spectral stability of small-amplitude Stokes waves in a family of weakly nonlinear, unidirectional models of the form $u_t + L u + (u^2)_x = 0$. We introduce a perturbation method to expand the spectral data in wave amplitude…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Benjamin Akers , Ryan P. Creedon

This study presents a detailed investigation of the modulational stability of interfacial wave packets in a two-layer inviscid incompressible fluid with finite layer thicknesses and interfacial surface tension. The stability analysis is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-20 Olga Avramenko , Volodymyr Naradovyi

The propagation of a continuous wave in the average anomalous dispersion region of a dispersion oscillating fiber is investigated numerically and experimentally. We demonstrate that the train of solitons arising from modulation instability…

A regularized Boussinesq equation is studied as a dispersive, long-wave (quasicontinuum) approximation of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice with a general cubic interaction force. Explicit periodic traveling wave solutions in terms of Jacobi…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2026-05-14 Mark A. Hoefer , Anna Vainchtein

The Whitham equation was proposed as a model for surface water waves that combines the quadratic flux nonlinearity $f(u) = \tfrac{1}{2}u^2$ of the Korteweg-de Vries equation and the full linear dispersion relation $\Omega(k) = \sqrt{k\tanh…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2021-11-01 Adam L. Binswanger , Mark A. Hoefer , Boaz Ilan , Patrick Sprenger

This paper is concerned with the detailed behaviour of roll-waves undergoing a low-frequency perturbation. We rst derive the so-called Whitham's averaged modulation equations and relate the well-posedness of this set of equations to the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2010-11-11 Pascal Noble , Luis Miguel Rodrigues