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This paper addresses the generalized descent algorithm (DEAL) for minimizing smooth functions, which is analyzed under the Kurdyka-{\L}ojasiewicz (KL) inequality. In particular, the suggested algorithm guarantees a sufficient decrease by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Masoud Ahookhosh , Susan Ghaderi , Alireza Kabgani , Morteza Rahimi

We propose and analyze a randomized zeroth-order approach based on approximating the exact gradient byfinite differences computed in a set of orthogonal random directions that changes with each iteration. A number ofpreviously proposed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-16 David Kozak , Cesare Molinari , Lorenzo Rosasco , Luis Tenorio , Silvia Villa

The success of deep learning over the past decade mainly relies on gradient-based optimisation and backpropagation. This paper focuses on analysing the performance of first-order gradient-based optimisation algorithms, gradient descent and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Behnam Mafakheri , Iman Shames , Jonathan H. Manton

In this paper, we revisit a classical adaptive stepsize strategy for gradient descent: the Polyak stepsize (PolyakGD), originally proposed in Polyak (1969). We study the convergence behavior of PolyakGD from two perspectives: tight…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Chang He , Wenzhi Gao , Bo Jiang , Madeleine Udell , Shuzhong Zhang

In this work, we establish that Nesterov's accelerated gradient method, applied to $C^2$ functions satisfying the Polyak--{\L}ojasiewicz inequality around local minimizers, achieves the optimal local linear convergence rate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Zixu Feng , Hao Yuan

Large over-parametrized models learned via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods have become a key element in modern machine learning. Although SGD methods are very effective in practice, most theoretical analyses of SGD suggest slower…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-08 Raef Bassily , Mikhail Belkin , Siyuan Ma

Minimax optimization recently is widely applied in many machine learning tasks such as generative adversarial networks, robust learning and reinforcement learning. In the paper, we study a class of nonconvex-nonconcave minimax optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Feihu Huang , Chunyu Xuan , Xinrui Wang , Siqi Zhang , Songcan Chen

Communication delays and synchronization are major bottlenecks for parallel computing, and tolerating asynchrony is therefore crucial for accelerating parallel computation. Motivated by optimization problems that do not satisfy convexity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Kasra Yazdani , Matthew Hale

In this paper, we study the convergence properties of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) method for finding a stationary point of a given objective function $J(\cdot)$. The objective function is not required to be convex. Rather, our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-24 Rajeeva L. Karandikar , M. Vidyasagar

Nonconvex minimax problems appear frequently in emerging machine learning applications, such as generative adversarial networks and adversarial learning. Simple algorithms such as the gradient descent ascent (GDA) are the common practice…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Junchi Yang , Negar Kiyavash , Niao He

We give an example of a function satisfying a two-sided Polyak-Lojasiewicz condition but for which a gradient descent-ascent flow line fails to converge to the saddle point, circling around it instead. We can even impose the function to be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Jean-Christophe Mourrat

In this paper we propose a generalized condition for a sharp minimum, somewhat similar to the inexact oracle proposed recently by Devolder-Glineur-Nesterov. The proposed approach makes it possible to extend the class of applicability of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-13 S. S. Ablaev , D. V. Makarenko , F. S. Stonyakin , M. S. Alkousa , I. V. Baran

Linear convergence of first-order methods is typically characterized by global optimization conditions whose constants reflect worst-case geometry of the ambient space. In high-dimensional or structured problems, these global constants can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Faris Chaudhry , Anthea Monod , Keisuke Yano

In 1963 Boris Polyak suggested a particular step size for gradient descent methods, now known as the Polyak step size, that he later adapted to subgradient methods. The Polyak step size requires knowledge of the optimal value of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Nikhil Devanathan , Stephen Boyd

Nonconvex optimization is central in solving many machine learning problems, in which block-wise structure is commonly encountered. In this work, we propose cyclic block coordinate methods for nonconvex optimization problems with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Xufeng Cai , Chaobing Song , Stephen J. Wright , Jelena Diakonikolas

We analyze the complexity of biased stochastic gradient methods (SGD), where individual updates are corrupted by deterministic, i.e. biased error terms. We derive convergence results for smooth (non-convex) functions and give improved rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Ahmad Ajalloeian , Sebastian U. Stich

We consider the composite minimization problem with the objective function being the sum of a continuously differentiable and a merely lower semicontinuous and extended-valued function. The proximal gradient method is probably the most…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Christian Kanzow , Leo Lehmann

We study convergence of the trajectories of the Heavy Ball dynamical system, with constant damping coefficient, in the framework of convex and non-convex smooth optimization. By using the Polyak-{\L}ojasiewicz condition, we derive new…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-27 Vassilis Apidopoulos , Nicolò Ginatta , Silvia Villa

This paper deals with local criteria for the convergence to a global minimiser for gradient flow trajectories and their discretisations. To obtain quantitative estimates on the speed of convergence, we consider variations on the classical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-01 Lorenzo Dello Schiavo , Jan Maas , Francesco Pedrotti

Many practical optimization problems lack strong convexity. Fortunately, recent studies have revealed that first-order algorithms also enjoy linear convergences under various weaker regularity conditions. While the relationship among…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Feng-Yi Liao , Lijun Ding , Yang Zheng