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We construct games of chance from simpler games of chance. We show that it may happen that the simpler games of chance are fair or unfavourable to a player andyet the new combined game is favourable -- this is a counter-intuitive…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. S. Key , M. Klosek , D. Abbott

The 1936 Mills Futurity slot machine had the feature that, if a player loses 10 times in a row, the 10 lost coins are returned. Ethier and Lee (2010) studied a generalized version of this machine, with 10 replaced by deterministic parameter…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Huaijin Liang , Zengjing Chen

This paper studies a sequential decision problem where payoff distributions are known and where the riskiness of payoffs matters. Equivalently, it studies sequential choice from a repeated set of independent lotteries. The decision-maker is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-02 Zengjing Chen , Larry G. Epstein , Guodong Zhang

The original Parrondo game, denoted as AB3, contains two independent games: A and B. The winning or losing of A and B game is defined by the change of one unit of capital. Game A is a losing game if played continuously, with winning…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-22 Ka Wai Cheung , Ho Fai Ma , Degang Wu , Ga Ching Lui , Kwok Yip Szeto

We introduce a multi-coin discrete quantum random walk where the amplitude for a coin flip depends upon previous tosses. Although the corresponding classical random walk is unbiased, a bias can be introduced into the quantum walk by varying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Adrian P. Flitney , Derek Abbott , Neil F. Johnson

In the original Parrondo game, a single player combines two losing strategies to a winning strategy. In this paper we investigate the question what happens, if two or more players play Parrondo games in a coordinated way. We introduce a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-14 Sandro Breuer , Andreas Mielke

We obtain an almost sure bound for oscillation rates of empirical distribution functions for stationary causal processes. For short-range dependent processes, the oscillation rate is shown to be optimal in the sense that it is as sharp as…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Wei Biao Wu

First passage distributions of semi-Markov processes are of interest in fields such as reliability, survival analysis, and many others. The problem of finding or computing first passage distributions is, in general, quite challenging. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-10 Richard L. Warr

We present a novel reshuffling exchange model and investigate its long time behavior. In this model, two individuals are picked randomly, and their wealth $X_i$ and $X_j$ are redistributed by flipping a sequence of fair coins leading to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Fei Cao , Nicholas F. Marshall

The influential work of Bravo et al. 2018 shows that derivative free play in strongly monotone games has complexity $O(d^2/\varepsilon^3)$, where $\varepsilon$ is the target accuracy on the expected squared distance to the solution. This…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Maryam Fazel , Lillian J Ratliff

We study, in various special cases, total distributions on the product of a finite collection of finite probability spaces and, in particular, the question of when the probability distribution of each factor space is determined by the total…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-09-02 Ian Morrison , David Swinarski

For a game with positive expectation and some negative profit, a unique price exists, at which the optimal proportion of investment reaches its maximum. For a game with parallel translated profit, the ratio of this price to its expectation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Yukio Hirashita

Analytical work probability distributions for open classical systems are scarce; they can only be calculated in a few examples. In this work, I present a new method to derive such quantities for weakly driven processes in the overdamped…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-09 Pierre Nazé

This study applies complexity sciences to analyze the game of Padel. Data from 18 professional matches were collected, and the probability distributions of the total number of shots and the probability distribution of rallies' duration were…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-09 A. Chacoma , O. V. Billoni

Probabilistic programs are typically normal-looking programs describing posterior probability distributions. They intrinsically code up randomized algorithms and have long been at the heart of modern machine learning and approximate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Lutz Klinkenberg , Tobias Winkler , Mingshuai Chen , Joost-Pieter Katoen

We present a new form of a Parrondo game using discrete-time quantum walk on a line. The two players A and B with different quantum coins operators, individually losing the game can develop a strategy to emerge as joint winners by using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-25 C. M. Chandrashekar , Subhashish Banerjee

In this paper, we consider the chance constrained based uncertain portfolio optimization problem in which the uncertain parameters are stochastic in nature. The primary goal of the work is to formulate the uncertain problem into a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Pulak Swain , Akshay Kumar Ojha

Distribution functions for random variables that depend on a parameter are computed asymptotically for ensembles of positive Hermitian matrices. The inverse Fourier transform of the distribution is shown to be a Fredholm determinant of a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-11-07 Estelle L. Basor

The exact probability distributions of the amplitudes of eigenfunctions, $\Psi(x, y)$, of several integrable planar billiards are analytically calculated and shown to possess singularities at $\Psi = 0$; the nature of this singularity is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 Rhine Samajdar , Sudhir R. Jain

We study the problem of optimal dividend payout from a surplus process governed by Brownian motion with drift under the additional constraint of ratcheting, i.e. the dividend rate can never decrease. We solve the resulting two-dimensional…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-22 Hansjoerg Albrecher , Pablo Azcue , Nora Muler