Related papers: The $p$-Adic Valuations of Weil Sums of Binomials

Fix an odd prime $p$. If $r$ is a positive integer and $f$ a polynomial with coefficients in $\mathbb{F}_{p^r}$, let $P_{p,r}(f)$ be the proportion of $\mathbb{P}^1(\mathbb{F}_{p^r})$ that is periodic with respect to $f$. We show that as…

We examine the Fourier coefficients of modular forms in a canonical basis for the spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weights 4, 6, 8, 10, and 14, and show that these coefficients are often highly divisible by the primes 2, 3, and…

We study boundary value problems at infinity for the graph $p$-Laplacian on infinite, connected, locally finite weighted graphs. Our main result is a Wiener criterion for $p$-massiveness. Assuming volume doubling and a weak…

We present some congruences modulo $p^{6-d}$ for sums of the type $\sum_{k=0}^{(p-3)/2}x^k{2k\choose k}/(2k+1)^d$, for $d=1,2,3$ where $p>5$ is a prime.

We find all irreducible constituents of the Weil representation of a unitary group $U_m(A)$ of rank $m$ associated to a ramified quadratic extension $A$ of a finite, commutative, local and principal ring $R$ of odd characteristic. We show…

By a global approach, we prove the arithmetic fundamental lemma conjecture for unitary groups in $n$ variables over $\mathbb{Q}_p$ when $p\geq n$.

Properties of 2-adic valuation sequences for general quadratic polynomials with integer coefficients are determined directly from the coefficients. These properties include boundedness or unboundedness, periodicity, and valuations at…

We estimate Weyl sums over the integers with sum of binary digits either fixed or restricted by some congruence condition. In our proofs we use ideas that go back to a paper by Banks, Conflitti and the first author (2002). Moreover, we…

We show that a certain two-dimensional family of Weyl sums of length $P$ takes values as large as $P^{3/4 + o(1)}$ on almost all linear slices of the unit torus, contradicting a widely held expectation that Weyl sums should exhibit…

Let $\mathbb{F}_p$ be the finite field of prime order $p$. For any function $f \colon \mathbb{F}_p{}^n \to \mathbb{F}_p$, there exists a unique polynomial over $\mathbb{F}_p$ having degree at most $p-1$ with respect to each variable which…

Let p be any prime, and let a and n be nonnegative integers. Let $r\in Z$ and $f(x)\in Z[x]$. We establish the congruence $$p^{\deg f}\sum_{k=r(mod p^a)}\binom{n}{k}(-1)^k f((k-r)/p^a) =0 (mod p^{\sum_{i=a}^{\infty}[n/p^i]})$$ (motivated by…

Let $F \in \mathbb{Z}[x_0, \ldots, x_n]$ be homogeneous of degree $d$ and assume that $F$ is not a `nullform', i.e., there is an invariant $I$ of forms of degree $d$ in $n+1$ variables such that $I(F) \neq 0$. Equivalently, $F$ is…

We investigate degree bounds for fields of rational invariants of representations of finite groups. We prove many cases of a bound for $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ conjectured by Blum-Smith, Garcia, Hidalgo, and Rodriguez. For arbitrary groups,…

For any two involutions y,w in a Weyl group (y\le w), let P_{y,w} be the polynomial defined in [KL]. In this paper we define a new polynomial P^\sigma_{y,w} whose i-th coefficient is a_i-b_i where the i-th coefficient of P_{y,w} is a_i+b_i…

We deduce Katz's theorems for $(A,B)$-exponential sums over finite fields using $\ell$-adic cohomology and a theorem of Denef-Loeser, removing the hypothesis that $A+B$ is relatively prime to the characteristic $p$. In some degenerate…

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ denote the finite field of characteristic $p$ and order $q$. Let $\mathbb{Z}_q$ denote the unramified extension of the $p$-adic rational integers $\mathbb{Z}_p$ with residue field $\mathbb{F}_q$. Given two positive…

We consider incomplete exponential sums in several variables of the form S(f,n,m) = \frac{1}{2^n} \sum_{x_1 \in \{-1,1\}} ... \sum_{x_n \in \{-1,1\}} x_1 ... x_n e^{2\pi i f(x)/p}, where m>1 is odd and f is a polynomial of degree d with…

We establish effective bounds on the number of periodic points of degree-$d$ polynomials $\phi$ defined over $p$-adic fields and number fields, under a mild reduction hypothesis that is satisfied by all unicritical polynomials $X^d + c$…

The paper proves the intermediate value theorem for polynomials and power series over a valued field with divisible valuation group and infinite residue field. Some further results on the behaviour of the valuation are obtained using…

We study the notion of dp-minimality, beginning by providing several essential facts, establishing several equivalent definitions, and comparing dp-minimality to other minimality notions. The rest of the paper is dedicated to examples. We…