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We address the problem of efficiently computing Wasserstein distances for multiple pairs of distributions drawn from a meta-distribution. To this end, we propose a fast estimation method based on regressing Wasserstein distance on sliced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-04 Khai Nguyen , Hai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We obtain explicit $p$-Wasserstein distance error bounds between the distribution of the multi-parameter MLE and the multivariate normal distribution. Our general bounds are given for possibly high-dimensional, independent and identically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Andreas Anastasiou , Robert E. Gaunt

We investigate the stability of the Wasserstein distance, a metric structure on the space of probability measures arising from the theory of optimal transport, under metric ultralimits. We first show that if $(X_{i},d_{i})_{i\in\mathbb{N}}$…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-03-09 Andrew Warren

We study the weighted total variation distance between probability measures. Using Fourier-analytic tools, we present estimates in terms of Wasserstein distances between the respective probabilities, under appropriate smoothness and moment…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Iván Ivkovic , Miklós Rásonyi

The Wasserstein distance is a metric on a space of probability measures that has seen a surge of applications in statistics, machine learning, and applied mathematics. However, statistical aspects of Wasserstein distances are bottlenecked…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-02 Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato , Sloan Nietert , Gabriel Rioux

Optimal transport (OT), and in particular the Wasserstein distance, has seen a surge of interest and applications in machine learning. However, empirical approximation under Wasserstein distances suffers from a severe curse of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Ziv Goldfeld , Kristjan Greenewald

Data represented by probability measures arise as empirical distributions, posterior distributions, and feature-based representations of complex objects. We study heterogeneity in a population of probability measures through the expected…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Kisung You

The aim of this article is to write the $p$-Wasserstein metric $W_p$ with the $p$-norm, $p\in [1,\infty)$, on $\R^d$ in terms of copula. In particular for the case of one-dimensional distributions, we get that the copula employed to get the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Mariem Abdellatif , Peter Kuching , Barbara Rüdiger , Irene Ventura

Clustering is a data analysis method for extracting knowledge by discovering groups of data called clusters. Among these methods, state-of-the-art density-based clustering methods have proven to be effective for arbitrary-shaped clusters.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Nabil El Malki , Robin Cugny , Olivier Teste , Franck Ravat

The Wasserstein distance is an attractive tool for data analysis but statistical inference is hindered by the lack of distributional limits. To overcome this obstacle, for probability measures supported on finitely many points, we derive…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-27 Max Sommerfeld , Axel Munk

Statistical inference based on optimal transport offers a different perspective from that of maximum likelihood, and has increasingly gained attention in recent years. In this paper, we study univariate nonparametric shape-constrained…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Takeru Matsuda , Ting-Kam Leonard Wong

Let $\mu_N$ be the empirical measure associated to a $N$-sample of a given probability distribution $\mu$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$. We are interested in the rate of convergence of $\mu_N$ to $\mu$, when measured in the Wasserstein distance of…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Nicolas Fournier , Arnaud Guillin

In this manuscript we investigate the equivalence of Fourier-based metrics on discrete state spaces with the well-known Wasserstein distances. While the use of Fourier-based metrics in continuous state spaces is ubiquitous since its…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Fei Cao , Xiaoqian Gong

For $\ell\colon \mathbb{R}^d \to [0,\infty)$ we consider the sequence of probability measures $\left(\mu_n\right)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$, where $\mu_n$ is determined by a density that is proportional to $\exp(-n\ell)$. We allow for infinitely…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-11 Mareike Hasenpflug , Daniel Rudolf , Björn Sprungk

The Wasserstein distances $W_p$ ($p\geq 1$), defined in terms of solution to the Monge-Kantorovich problem, are known to be a useful tool to investigate transport equations. In particular, the Benamou-Brenier formula characterizes the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-11-19 Benedetto Piccoli , Francesco Rossi

Modeling observations as random distributions embedded within Wasserstein spaces is becoming increasingly popular across scientific fields, as it captures the variability and geometric structure of the data more effectively. However, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-08 François Bachoc , Alberto González-Sanz , Jean-Michel Loubes , Yisha Yao

Making sense of Wasserstein distances between discrete measures in high-dimensional settings remains a challenge. Recent work has advocated a two-step approach to improve robustness and facilitate the computation of optimal transport, using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 François-Pierre Paty , Marco Cuturi

The theory of optimal transport of probability measures has wide-ranging applications across a number of different fields, including concentration of measure, machine learning, Markov chains, and economics. The generalisation of optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Emily Beatty

In this article, we represent the Wasserstein metric of order $p$, where $p\in [1,\infty)$, in terms of the comonotonicity copula, for the case of probability measures on $\R^d$, by revisiting existing results. In 1973, Vallender…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Mariem Abdellatif , Peter Kuchling , Barbara Rüdiger , Irene Ventura

We propose a methodology for intercomparing climate models and evaluating their performance against benchmarks based on the use of the Wasserstein distance (WD). This distance provides a rigorous way to measure quantitatively the difference…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Gabriele Vissio , Valerio Lembo , Valerio Lucarini , Michael Ghil