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Given a simple weighted directed graph $G = (V, E, \omega)$ on $n$ vertices as well as two designated terminals $s, t\in V$, our goal is to compute the shortest path from $s$ to $t$ avoiding any pair of presumably failed edges $f_1, f_2\in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Shiri Chechik , Tianyi Zhang

This paper presents a new deterministic algorithm for single-source shortest paths (SSSP) on real non-negative edge-weighted directed graphs, with running time $O(m\sqrt{\log n}+\sqrt{mn\log n\log \log n})$, which is $O(m\sqrt{\log n\log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ran Duan , Xiao Mao , Xinkai Shu , Longhui Yin

We give a randomized algorithm that samples a nearly uniform Eulerian tour of a directed Eulerian multigraph with $m$ arcs in $\widetilde O(m^{3/2})$ time. The guarantee is worst-case, applies to arbitrary directed Eulerian multigraphs, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Nima Anari

The area of sublinear algorithms have recently received a lot of attention. In this setting, one has to choose specific access model for the input, as the algorithm does not have time to pre-process or even to see the whole input. A…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Jakub Tětek

We present the first sublinear-in-$n$ round algorithm for sampling an approximately uniform spanning tree of an $n$-vertex graph in the CongestedClique model of distributed computing. In particular, our algorithm requires…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Sriram V. Pemmaraju , Sourya Roy , Joshua Z. Sobel

We pose a new and intriguing question motivated by distributed computing regarding random walks on graphs: How long does it take for several independent random walks, starting from the same vertex, to cover an entire graph? We study the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-11-20 Noga Alon , Chen Avin , Michal Koucky , Gady Kozma , Zvi Lotker , Mark R. Tuttle

We consider dynamic algorithms for maintaining Single-Source Reachability (SSR) and approximate Single-Source Shortest Paths (SSSP) on $n$-node $m$-edge directed graphs under edge deletions (decremental algorithms). The previous fastest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Monika Henzinger , Sebastian Krinninger , Danupon Nanongkai

Graph-based nearest neighbor search methods have seen a surge of popularity in recent years, offering state-of-the-art performance across a wide variety of applications. Central to these methods is the task of constructing a sparse…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Alex Conway , Laxman Dhulipala , Martin Farach-Colton , Rob Johnson , Ben Landrum , Christopher Musco , Yarin Shechter , Torsten Suel , Richard Wen

We study the bit complexity of inverting diagonally dominant matrices, which are associated with random walk quantities such as hitting times and escape probabilities. Such quantities can be exponentially small, even on undirected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Mehrdad Ghadiri , Hoai-An Nguyen , Junzhao Yang

Node connectivity plays a central role in temporal network analysis. We provide a comprehensive study of various concepts of walks in temporal graphs, that is, graphs with fixed vertex sets but edge sets changing over time. Taking into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Anne-Sophie Himmel , Matthias Bentert , André Nichterlein , Rolf Niedermeier

We consider the problem of detecting a cycle in a directed graph that grows by arc insertions, and the related problems of maintaining a topological order and the strong components of such a graph. For these problems, we give two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-12-06 Michael A. Bender , Jeremy T. Fineman , Seth Gilbert , Robert E. Tarjan

We consider the fundamental problems of determining the rooted and global edge and vertex connectivities (and computing the corresponding cuts) in directed graphs. For rooted (and hence also global) edge connectivity with small integer…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Chandra Chekuri , Kent Quanrud

We revisit the algorithmic problem of finding a triangle in a graph: We give a randomized combinatorial algorithm for triangle detection in a given $n$-vertex graph with $m$ edges running in $O(n^{7/3})$ time, or alternatively in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Adrian Dumitrescu

We present two algorithms for maintaining the topological order of a directed acyclic graph with n vertices, under an online edge insertion sequence of m edges. Efficient algorithms for online topological ordering have many applications,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-11-05 Telikepalli Kavitha , Rogers Mathew

In this paper we give an $\widetilde{O}((nm)^{2/3}\log C)$ time algorithm for computing min-cost flow (or min-cost circulation) in unit capacity planar multigraphs where edge costs are integers bounded by $C$. For planar multigraphs, this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Adam Karczmarz , Piotr Sankowski

We present faster algorithms for computing the 2-edge and 2-vertex strongly connected components of a directed graph, which are straightforward generalizations of strongly connected components. While in undirected graphs the 2-edge and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Monika Henzinger , Sebastian Krinninger , Veronika Loitzenbauer

Order statistics play a fundamental role in statistical procedures such as risk estimation, outlier detection, and multiple hypothesis testing as well as in the analyses of mechanism design, queues, load balancing, and various other…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Rigel Galgana , Amy Greenwald , Takehiro Oyakawa

The textbook algorithm for real-weighted single-source shortest paths takes $O(m n)$ time on a graph with $m$ edges and $n$ vertices. The breakthrough algorithm by Fineman [Fin24] takes $\tilde{O}(m n^{8/9})$ randomized time. The running…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yufan Huang , Peter Jin , Kent Quanrud

In this paper, we revisit the classic approximate All-Pairs Shortest Paths (APSP) problem in undirected graphs. For unweighted graphs, we provide an algorithm for $2$-approximate APSP in $\tilde O(n^{2.5-r}+n^{\omega(r)})$ time, for any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Michal Dory , Sebastian Forster , Yael Kirkpatrick , Yasamin Nazari , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Tijn de Vos

Fine-grained reductions have established equivalences between many core problems with $\tilde{O}(n^3)$-time algorithms on $n$-node weighted graphs, such as Shortest Cycle, All-Pairs Shortest Paths (APSP), Radius, Replacement Paths, Second…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Andrea Lincoln , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Ryan Williams