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A $(q,t)$-deformation of the 2d Toda integrable hierarchy is introduced by enhancing the underlying symmetry algebra $\mathfrak{gl}(\infty)\simeq \text{q-W}_{1+\infty}$ to the quantum toroidal $\mathfrak{gl}(1)$ algebra. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-26 Jean-Emile Bourgine , Alexandr Garbali

We investigate the structure of $\tau$-functions for the elliptic difference Painlev\'e equation of type $E_8$. Introducing the notion of ORG $\tau$-functions for the $E_8$ lattice, we construct some particular solutions which are expressed…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-10-04 Masatoshi Noumi

We present the $\tau$-functions for the hypergeometric solutions to the $q$-Painlev\'e system of type $E_7^{(1)}$ in a determinant formula whose entries are given by the basic hypergeometric function ${}_8W_7$. By using the $W(D_5)$…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-03-25 Tetsu Masuda

Non-perturbative partition functions of quantum theories constitute a class of $\tau-$functions, which are distinguished satisfying Hirota's bilinear identities(BI). To make this statement general, there must be a proper definition of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-29 Maxim Chepurnoi , Mikhail Sharov

We construct a fundamental system of a $q$-difference Lax pair of rank $N$ in terms of 5d Nekrasov functions with $q=t$. Our fundamental system degenerates by the limit $q\to 1$ to a fundamental system of a differential Lax pair, which…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-05-14 Hajime Nagoya

It is known that all $\tau$ functions of the Painlev\'{e} equations satisfy the fourth-order quadratic differential equation. Among them, for the III, V, and VI equations, it is possible to express the formal series solutions explicitly by…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-10-20 Tatsuya Hosoi

A classical way to introduce tau functions for integrable hierarchies of solitonic equations is by means of the Sato-Segal-Wilson infinite-dimensional Grassmannian. Every point in the Grassmannian is naturally related to a Riemann-Hilbert…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-10-20 Mattia Cafasso , Chao-Zhong Wu

We argued in [Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Vol. 103, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2021, 1-66, arXiv:1912.06504] that, when a certain sub-exponential growth property holds, the Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a 3-Calabi-Yau…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Tom Bridgeland

In this paper we study the extension of Painlev\'e/gauge theory correspondence to circular quivers by focusing on the special case of $SU(2)$ $\mathcal{N}=2^*$ theory. We show that the Nekrasov-Okounkov partition function of this gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Giulio Bonelli , Fabrizio Del Monte , Pavlo Gavrylenko , Alessandro Tanzini

We explain how to construct a quantum deformation of a spectral curve to a tau-function of the KP hierarchy. This construction is applied to Witten-Kontsevich tau-function to give a natural explanation of some earlier work. We also apply it…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-11-30 Jian Zhou

A $q$-analogue of the tau function of the modified KP hierarchy is defined by a change of independent variables. This tau function satisfies a system of bilinear $q$-difference equations. These bilinear equations are translated to the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-10 Kanehisa Takasaki

We propose an extension of the Alday-Gaiotto-Tachikawa-Wyllard conjecture to 5d SU(N) gauge theories. A Nekrasov partition function then coincides with the scalar product of the corresponding Gaiotto-Whittaker vectors of the q-deformed W_N…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-03-28 Masato Taki

We construct an $\epsilon$-deformation of W algebras, corresponding to the additive version of quiver $\text{W}_{q,t^{-1}}$ algebras which feature prominently in the 5d version of the BPS/CFT correspondence and refined topological strings…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-15 Fabrizio Nieri , Yegor Zenkevich

It is known that the partition functions of the U(N) x U(N+M) ABJM theory satisfy a set of bilinear relations, which, written in the grand partition function, was recently found to be the q-Painleve III_3 equation. In this paper we have…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-06 Tomoki Nosaka

We represent and analyze the general solution of the sixth Painleve transcendent in the Picard-Hitchin-Okamoto class in the Painleve form as the logarithmic derivative of the ratio of certain $\tau$-functions. These functions are…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-11-18 Yurii V. Brezhnev

Conformal blocks of Liouville theory have a Coulomb-gas representation as Dotsenko-Fateev (DF) integrals over the positions of screening charges. For q-deformed Liouville, the conformal blocks on a sphere with an arbitrary number of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-05 Mina Aganagic , Nathan Haouzi , Can Kozcaz , Shamil Shakirov

We propose a definition for a Tau function and a spinor kernel (closely related to Baker-Akhiezer functions), where times parametrize slow (of order 1/N) deformations of an algebraic plane curve. This definition consists of a formal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Gaëtan Borot , Bertrand Eynard

A quantum deformation of 3-dimensional lattice gauge theory is defined by applying the Reshetikhin-Turaev functor to a Heegaard diagram associated to a given cell complex. In the root-of-unity case, the construction is carried out with a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 D. V. Boulatov

This article is concerned with obtaining the standard tau function descriptions of integrable equations (in particular, here the KdV and Ernst equations are considered) from the geometry of their twistor correspondences. In particular, we…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. J. Mason , M. A. Singer , N. M. J. Woodhouse

For an arbitrary solution to the Burgers--KdV hierarchy, we define the tau-tuple $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$ of the solution. We show that the product $\tau_1\tau_2$ admits Buryak's residue formula. Therefore, according to Alexandrov's theorem,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Di Yang , Chunhui Zhou