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Sub-Gaussian and subexponential distributions are introduced and applied to study the fluctuation-response relation out of equilibrium. A bound on the difference in expected values of an arbitrary sub-Gaussian or subexponential physical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-11-04 Yan Wang

Many studies of quantum-size heat engines assume that the dynamics of an internal system is unitary and that the extracted work is equal to the energy loss of the internal system. Both assumptions, however, should be under scrutiny. In the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-05 Yohei Morikuni , Hiroyasu Tajima , Naomichi Hatano

A thermodynamic-like formalism is developed for superstatistical systems based on conditional entropies. This theory takes into account large-scale variations of intensive variables of systems in nonequilibrium stationary states. Ordinary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sumiyoshi Abe , Christian Beck , E. G. D. Cohen

Conjecture II.3.6 of Spohn in [Spohn '91] and Lecture 7 of Jensen-Yau in [Jensen-Yau '99] ask for a general derivation of universal fluctuations of hydrodynamic limits in large-scale stochastic interacting particle systems. However, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Kevin Yang

The Fluctuation Theorem and the Jarzynski equality are examined in the light of recent experimental tests. For a particle dragged through a solvent, it is shown that $Q,$ the heat exchanged with the reservoir, obeys the asymptotic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Onuttom Narayan , Abhishek Dhar

Jarzynski's equality [1] allows us to investigate free energy landscapes (FELs) by constructing distributions of work performed on a system from an initial ensemble of states to final states. This work is experimentally measured by…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-05-24 Van Ngo

Non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics is essential to describe new devices that operate far from the regime where the usual thermodynamical laws are obeyed. When quantum fluctuations dominate, defining and measuring work and heat, two…

The present work extends the well-known thermodynamic relation $C=\beta ^{2}< \delta {E^{2}}>$ for the canonical ensemble. We start from the general situation of the thermodynamic equilibrium between a large but finite system of interest…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-15 L. Velazquez , S. Curilef

We uncover the quantum fluctuation-response inequality, which, in the most general setting, establishes a bound for the mean difference of an observable at two different quantum states, in terms of the quantum relative entropy. When the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Yan Wang

Hidden stochastic effects acting uniformly on a many-particle system can generate strong correlations and macroscopic relative fluctuations that persist at large system sizes, even when the particles themselves remain causally independent.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kristian Stølevik Olsen

Thermodynamics of quantum coherence has attracted growing attention recently, where the thermodynamic advantage of quantum superposition is characterized in terms of quantum thermodynamics. We investigate thermodynamic effects of quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-25 Yûto Murashita , Zongping Gong , Yuto Ashida , Masahito Ueda

For driven open systems in contact with multiple heat reservoirs, we find the marginal distributions of work or heat do not satisfy any fluctuation theorem, but only the joint distribution of work and heat satisfies a family of fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-08 Jin-Fu Chen , H. T. Quan

Fluctuations of the excess heat in an out of equilibrium steady state are experimentally investigated in two stochastic systems : an electric circuit with an imposed mean current and a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium by a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sylvain Joubaud , Nicolas Garnier , Sergio Ciliberto

Fluctuation Theorems are central in stochastic thermodynamics, as they allow for quantifying the irreversibility of single trajectories. Although they have been experimentally checked in the classical regime, a practical demonstration in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-27 C. Elouard , N. K. Bernardes , A. R. R. Carvalho , M. F. Santos , A. Auffèves

Stochastic thermodynamics is a framework for describing non-equilibrium processes at the level of fluctuating trajectories, where the state of a system evolves as a stochastic time series, allowing thermodynamic quantities such as work,…

We develop a comprehensive framework for characterizing fluctuations in quantum transport and nonequilibrium thermodynamics using two complementary approaches: full counting statistics and first-passage times. Focusing on open quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-12 Paul Menczel , Christian Flindt , Fredrik Brange , Franco Nori , Clemens Gneiting

The postulational basis of classical thermodynamics has been expanded to incorporate equilibrium fluctuations. The main additional elements of the proposed thermodynamic theory are the concept of quasi-equilibrium states, a definition of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-11 Y. Mishin

Stochastic thermodynamics investigates energetic and entropic bounds in small systems. Foundational results, e.g., the first and second laws, predominantly rely on the Markov (memoryless) assumption. Although physicists recognise that the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Kiyoshi Kanazawa , Andreas Dechant

We provide a stochastic thermodynamic description across scales for $N$ identical units with all-to-all interactions that are driven away from equilibrium by different reservoirs and external forces. We start at the microscopic level with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-07 Tim Herpich , Tommaso Cossetto , Gianmaria Falasco , Massimiliano Esposito

The nonequilibrium thermodynamics of an open (classical or quantum) system in strong contact with a single heat bath can be conveniently described in terms of the Hamiltonian of mean force. However, the conventional formulation is limited…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-05-20 Philipp Strasberg , Massimiliano Esposito