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This work investigates the formation of primordial black holes within a radiation fluid with an anisotropic pressure. We focus our attention on the initial conditions describing cosmological perturbations in the super horizon regime, using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-25 Ilia Musco , Theodoros Papanikolaou

We investigate the viability of primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the Standard Model (SM) in a scenario that does not rely on specific inflationary features or any exotic physics such as phase transitions or non-minimal coupling to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-04 Ioanna Stamou , Sebastien Clesse

We study Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) formed by the collapse of rare primordial fluctuations during an early period of Matter Domination. The collapse threshold strongly depends on the shape of the peaks, decreasing as they become flatter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 Ehsan Ebrahimian , Ali Akbar Abolhasani , Mehrdad Mirbabayi

We perform fully nonlinear, spherically symmetric numerical simulations of superhorizon false-vacuum-domain (FVD) collapse in a coupled gravity-scalar-fluid system to study primordial black hole (PBH) formation during delayed first-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-27 Zhuan Ning , Xiang-Xi Zeng , Rong-Gen Cai , Shao-Jiang Wang

Primordial black holes could have been formed in the early universe from non linear cosmological perturbations re-entering the cosmological horizon when the Universe was still radiation dominated. Starting from the shape of the power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-01 Ilia Musco , Valerio De Luca , Gabriele Franciolini , Antonio Riotto

We consider the early Universe scenario which allows for production of non-Gaussian curvature perturbations at small scales. We study the peculiarities of a formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) connected with the non-Gaussianity. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-12 E. V. Bugaev , P. A. Klimai

Primordial black holes (PBHs) generated in the early Universe are considered as one of the candidates for dark matter. To produce PBHs with sufficient abundance, the primordial scalar power spectrum needs to be enhanced to the order of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-24 Zhongkai Wang , Shengqing Gao , Yungui Gong , Yue Wang

We study the effects of velocity dispersion on the formation of primordial black holes~(PBHs) in a matter-dominated era. The velocity dispersion is generated through the nonlinear growth of perturbations and has the potential to impede the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-22 Tomohiro Harada , Kazunori Kohri , Misao Sasaki , Takahiro Terada , Chul-Moon Yoo

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a useful tool in cosmology to probe primordial inhomogeneities on small scales that reenter the Hubble radius during the radiation dominated epoch. In this paper, a phenomenon we call the double formation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-20 Tomohiro Nakama

Primordial Black Holes (PBH) can form in the early universe and might comprise a significant fraction of the dark matter. Interestingly, they are accompanied by the generation of Gravitational Wave (GW) signals and they could contribute to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-14 G. Franciolini

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are black holes which may have formed very early on during the radiation dominated era in the early universe. We present here a method by which the large scale perturbations in the density of primordial black…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-06 Sam Young , Christian T. Byrnes

The abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range $0.1 - 10^3 M_\odot$ can potentially be tested by gravitational wave observations due to the large merger rate of PBH binaries formed in the early universe. To put the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-01 Martti Raidal , Christian Spethmann , Ville Vaskonen , Hardi Veermäe

We study the formation of black holes from subhorizon and superhorizon perturbations in a matter dominated universe with 3+1D numerical relativity simulations. We find that there are two primary mechanisms of formation depending on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-25 Eloy de Jong , Josu C. Aurrekoetxea , Eugene A. Lim

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are an important tool in cosmology to probe the primordial spectrum of small-scale curvature perturbations that reenter the cosmological horizon during radiation domination epoch. We numerically solve the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-28 Tomohiro Nakama , Tomohiro Harada , A. G. Polnarev , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

We propose a novel mechanism where Primordial Black Hole (PBH) dark matter is formed much later in the history of the universe between the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photon decoupling. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-24 Amlan Chakraborty , Prolay K Chanda , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Subinoy Das

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are, typically light, black holes which can form in the early Universe. There are a number of formation mechanisms, including the collapse of large density perturbations, cosmic string loops and bubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-07 Anne M. Green

We consider the process of primordial black hole (PBH) formation originated from primordial curvature perturbations produced during waterfall transition (with tachyonic instability), at the end of hybrid inflation. It is known that in such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-08 Edgar Bugaev , Peter Klimai

We study in detail the production of primordial black holes (PBHs), as well as their mass and initial spin, due to the phase transitions corresponding to radiative symmetry breaking (RSB) and featuring a large supercooling. The latter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-08 Indra Kumar Banerjee , Francesco Rescigno , Alberto Salvio

In this paper we revisit thermodynamic constraints on primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the early universe. Under the assumption that PBH mass is equal to the cosmological horizon mass, one can use the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 James R. Chisholm

Primordial black hole (PBH) formation is a more generic phenomenon than was once thought. The dynamics of a scalar field in inflationary universe can produce PBHs under mild assumptions regarding the scalar potential. In the early universe,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-04 Eric Cotner , Alexander Kusenko , Misao Sasaki , Volodymyr Takhistov