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In this paper, we investigate the communication overhead of the Kyber, which has recently been standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Given the same decryption failure rate (DFR) and security argument, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Shuiyin Liu , Amin Sakzad

We suggest a quantum cryptographic scheme using continuous EPR-like correlations of bright optical beams. For binary key encoding, the continuous information is discretized in a novel way by associating a respective measurement, amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ch. Silberhorn , N. Korolkova , G. Leuchs

Quantum key distribution (QKD) based on entangled photon pairs holds the potential for repeater-based quantum networks connecting clients over long distance. We demonstrate long-distance entanglement distribution by means of…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretic secure communication, yet its ultimate tolerance to noise and achievable transmission distance remain fundamentally constrained. We establish the maximum quantum bit error rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Stefano Pirandola

Information reconciliation (IR), which corrects the errors in the sifted keys, directly determines the secure key rate and the link distance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. In this article, we propose an appending information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Han Zhou , Bang-Ying Tang , Huan Chen , Hui-Cun Yu , Si-Chen Li , Wan-Rong Yu , Bo Liu

In the description of quantum key distribution systems, much attention is paid to the operation of quantum cryptography protocols. The main problem is the insufficient study of the synchronization process of quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-20 Anton Pljonkin , Konstantin Rumyantsev , Pradeep Kumar Singh

An experimental implementation of the Coherent One-Way Quantum Key Distribution (COW-QKD) protocol is reported under realistic conditions, and a clean and easy-to-use framework for performing finite key analysis of the COW-QKD protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Neha Pathania , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

We provide a purely quantum version of polar codes, achieving the symmetric coherent information of any qubit-input quantum channel. Our scheme relies on a recursive channel combining and splitting construction, where a two-qubit gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-04 Frédéric Dupuis , Ashutosh Goswami , Mehdi Mhalla , Valentin Savin

We construct general schemes for multi-partite quantum secret sharing using multi-level systems, and find that the consistent conditions for valid measurements can be summarized in two simple algebraic conditions. The scheme using the very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-22 I-Ching Yu , Feng-Li Lin , Ching-Yu Huang

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

We propose a multiple pulses phase-matching quantum key distribution protocol (MPPM-QKD) to exceed the linear key rate bound and to achieve higher error tolerance. In our protocol, Alice and Bob generate at first their own train pulses…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-28 Gang Chen , Le Wang , Wei Li , Qianping Mao , Zhigang Shen , Shengmei Zhao , Jozef Gruska

Entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) is an essential ingredient in quantum communication, owing to the property of source-independent security and the potential on constructing large-scale quantum communication networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Jingyuan Liu , Zhihao Lin , Dongning Liu , Xue Feng , Fang Liu , Kaiyu Cui , Yidong Huang , Wei Zhang

The article discusses a key reconciliation protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems based on Tree Parity Machines (TPM). The idea of transforming key material into neural network weights is presented. Two experiments were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Matvey Yorkhov , Vladimir Faerman , Anton Konev

While measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two trusted parties to establish a shared secret key from a distance without needing to trust a central detection node, their quantum sources must be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Amita Gnanapandithan , Li Qian , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most explored application of quantum information theory. A central problem in entanglement-based QKD (EB-QKD), is whether every entangled state can be used to extract a key. We observe that entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Shubhayan Sarkar , Tushita Prasad , Karol Horodecki

Imperfect bit-and-basis encoders compromise the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems via modulation flaws, side channels and inter-pulse correlations, which invalidate standard security proofs. Existing results addressing such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Go Kato , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a groundbreaking advancement in secure communication, enabling secure key exchange over vast distances and offering robust encryption for the future quantum internet. However, the…

This paper discusses the use of computer-aided verification as a practical means for analysing quantum information systems; specifically, the BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution is examined using this method. This protocol has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rajagopal Nagarajan , Nikolaos Papanikolaou , Garry Bowen , Simon Gay

Improvement in secure transmission of information is an urgent practical need for governments, corporations and individuals. Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises security based on the laws of physics and has rapidly grown from…

A Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol describes how two remote parties can establish a secret key by communicating over a quantum and a public classical channel that both can be accessed by an eavesdropper. QKD protocols using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Esmaeil Karimi , Emina Soljanin , Philip Whiting